服刑人员新冠疫情知信行状况及健康教育探析

On Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of Prison Convicts towards Epidemic of COVID-19 and Their Healthcare Education

目的:了解新冠疫情常态化防控期间服刑罪犯对疫情知识、态度与行为状况及其影响因素,探索性提出应对策略,为提升监狱机关卫生健康教育质量提供理论参考。方法:采用《一般情况调查问卷》《自编疫情知信行问卷》和《抑郁—焦虑—压力自评量表》对西部数所监狱1137名在押男性服刑罪犯进行问卷调查。结果:服刑罪犯对疫情知识与行为状况较好,但态度方面有待提升;文化程度、余下刑期、与亲朋联系次数、与民警交流情况、年龄、子女情况、父母情况、自评身体状况以及不良心理情绪等因素均为服刑罪犯对疫情知识、态度和行为的影响因素。结论:监狱机关应及时针对不同特征的服刑罪犯,加强卫生健康教育力度,促进其进一步养成良好的卫生健康行为和习惯。

Objective:To study the knowledge,attitude and behavior of prison convicts about COVID-19 and their influencing factors during the normalized period of epidemic prevention and control,and to put forward countermeasures as a theoretical reference for further improving the quality of healthcare education in prisons.Methods:By means of stratified random sampling method,1137 male convicts from several prisons in the west were chosen and investigated with general situation questionnaire,self-made epidemic knowledge-attitude-behavior questionnaire and depression-anxiety-stress self-rating scale.Results:The convicts exhibited excellent results in their knowledge and behavior about the epidemic situation but not in their attitudes towards the disease.The factors that may affect their knowledge,attitude and behavior of the epidemic include their educational background,remaining term,contact with their relatives or friends,communication with police officers,as well as their age,children,parents,self-assessment of their physical condition,and psychological emotion.Conclusion:Prison authorities should strengthen timely healthcare education for convicts with various characteristics so as to facilitate them to develop healthy behaviors and habits.