第四种法学知识新形态——数据法学的研究定位

The Fourth New Form of Legal Knowledge: Research Orientation of Data Law

基于科学研究的第四种范式——数据科学,可提出继法教义学、实证法学、计算法学研究之后的第四种法学知识新形态——数据法学。数据法学是法学研究创新发展的新方向,也是一门独立的法学新学科。数据法学有其特定的研究对象、方法和内容。数据法学特定的研究对象是法律数据。法律数据是指以任何电子或者其他方式对形式完好的、具有意义的、能给予相关参考点一个值的法律信息的记录。数据法学特定的研究方法是法律大数据方法,而非法律解释方法和实证法学方法。数据法学的本体论内容是数据权益,涵盖个人数据权益、企业数据权益和数据安全利益。数据法学的认识论内容是关于相关关系的研究,涵盖法律数据产品的创造和法学知识的发现两个方面。

Based on the fourth paradigm of scientific research,namely,data science,the fourth new form of legal knowledge,namely,data law,is proposed after the research of legal dogmatics,empirical jurisprudence and computational law.It is not only a new direction for the innovative development of legal research,but also an independent new subject of law.Data law has its own independent research object,method and category content.The independent research object of data law is legal data,which refers to the legal information records that are in good form,meaningful and can give a value to relevant reference points in any electronic or other way.The independent research method of data law is the method of legal big data,rather than legal interpretation and the method of empirical jurisprudence.The ontological category of data law is data rights and interests.The range of data rights and interests includes personal data rights and interests,enterprise data rights and interests and data security interests.The epistemological category of data law is the research on relevant relationships,which covers both the creation of legal data products and the discovery of legal knowledge.