智慧司法中技术依赖的隐忧及应对

Secret Worries and Countermeasures of Technological Dependency in Intelligent Justice

技术被广泛应用于司法裁判相关信息的收集处理、支持具体的司法决策、支撑智慧司法系统建设。在智慧司法变革中,人(司法机关)与技术的关系从技术辅助走向技术主导,进而存在滑向技术依赖的隐忧:法官在具体司法决策中对技术过度依赖;司法机关在智慧司法建设中困于自身技术力量,对技术公司按需求设计开发、日常维护运行、系统升级改造形成技术依赖循环。这种依赖关系也带来权力专属原则存疑、质量技术标准缺失、责任链条分配存在困境等挑战。应及时勘定技术嵌入司法活动的边界:采取信息准入与流出的控制机制,限制技术在司法裁判相关信息的收集与公开中的运用;合理分配人类与机器的决策分工,保证人机混合司法决策中人类的实质性参与;谨慎应对公权力与技术权力的共建,建立合理的责任分配与追责机制。

Technology supports intelligent justice reform by collecting and processing data,integrating into decision-making and construction of intelligent justice platform.The technological dependence has become potential risk.It raises some challenging questions about the proper allocation of decisional authority between humans and machines.The boundary of technology embedded in judicial activities should be promptly surveyed.The quality and quantity of information should be carefully controlled.The responsibility should be allocated based on the division between the participation of human and algorithms.The participation mechanism of technology companies in construction of intelligent justice should be cautiously designed.