功能视角下个人信息的公共性及其实现

The Commonality of Personal Information and Its Realization from the Perspective of Social Function

随着现有个人信息保护制度的完善,相关研究需要转换思路,在三个维度加强制度性分析。首先,深化讨论个人信息的公共性面向,需要以某种制度安排更为有效地实现公共利益功能,而非实现单纯的私人利益秩序。其次,这些功能不仅反映在个人信息的处理过程中,也反映在个人信息的生产和创制过程中,由此有必要将个人信息生产同更大的社会政治经济变化背景结合起来进行理解。第三,在方法论上超越场景化路径,采用功能视角进行分析。我们要看到个人信息的使用需要满足和解决数字市场和数字社会形成发展过程中的核心问题,确保数字要素有序流动,市场秩序安全稳定。个人信息的公共性体现为数字市场和社会中的认证、连接和声誉功能。这一视角不仅涵盖狭义上承担公共职能的机构生产的政务数据的开放问题,也从整个互联网有效生产和运行的角度追问,当信息技术塑造了新型数字市场和社会时,使其有效运转的公共信息机制是什么。

As the current personal information protection regime gets improved,relevant study needs to get changed to enhance institutional analysis in three dimensions.Firstly,we need to deepen the discussion on the commonality of personal information,that is,to fulfill the public interest function by means of certain institutional arrangement,rather than pure private interest order.Secondly,these functions are reflected not only in the processing of personal information,but also in the production and creation of personal information.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the production of personal information with the grand background of social political and economic change.Thirdly,in terms of methodology,it is necessary to go beyond the context approach and adopt the function analysis,that is,to understand how personal information is used to solve the core problem in the development of digital market,ensuring the free flow of digital resource and market stability.The commonality includes functions of authentication,connectivity and reputation.Such perspective not only covers problems like public data openness,but also sets the question like when information technology shapes a new digital market and society,what could be the effective public information regime to ensure its functionality.