新兴权利司法证成的三阶要件:实质论据、形式依据与技术方法

Three Progressive Elements of Justifying Emerging Rights in Judicature: Substantive Argument, Formal Basis and Technical Method

新兴权利不断涌现是法治时代必然的社会发展趋势,通过司法裁判证成新兴权利,能够克服成文法的僵化与滞后问题。在司法裁判中,新兴权利的证成包括三个递进要件,即实质论据、形式依据以及技术方法。实质论据展现了新兴权利的现实来源和内在正当性;形式依据起到了补强论证的效果,与成文法国家法官依法裁判的职能定位密切相关;技术方法则体现了法官的论证说理模式,合理的论证说理能够增强裁判结果的可接受性。三个要件的配合应用能够使在司法实践中证成的新兴权利既符合时代发展的需要,又不脱离既有的法律秩序。

The continuous emergence of emerging rights shows rights-based social trend,which needs to create new rights overcoming the rigidity and lag of written law through judicial adjudication.The justification of emerging rights includes three progressive elements,namely substantive argument,formal basis and technical method.The function of substantive argument is to show the empirical source and legitimacy of the emerging rights;the formal basis plays a role in strengthening the argumentation effect,showing the requirements for judges to judge according to law;the technical method reflects the reasoning of the judge and serves the acceptability of the judgment.The reasonable application of the three elements makes the emerging rights justified in judicial practice not only meet the needs of social development,but also not deviate from the existing legal order.