三叶因子家族在中耳呼吸型黏膜上皮的研究进展

Advances in research on the trifoliate factor family in the middle ear respiratory mucosal epithelium

三叶因子家族(TFF)是具有一个或多个三叶因子结构域的蛋白质多肽,在进化上具有高度保守性。哺乳动物的TFF有三个成员(TFF1、TFF2和TFF3)。黏膜组织,如胃肠道和呼吸道黏膜等是TFF的主要合成场所,在呼吸道中主要表达于杯状细胞、纤毛上皮细胞和黏膜下腺体,其表达与气道黏蛋白相匹配。中耳鼓室内被覆连续的上皮层,由黏膜覆盖,咽鼓管及鼓室前下方的中耳黏膜属于呼吸型上皮。因此,TFF可表达于中耳黏膜上皮。综述TFF研究现状,尤其在中耳呼吸型黏膜上皮的研究进展,明确其在促进中耳黏膜的修复、中耳黏膜上皮细胞迁移及中耳炎症反应中是否具有保护作用,从而对研究中耳炎的发生、发展提供一种新的思路。

Trefoil factor family(TFF)is a protein polypeptide with one or more three-leaf factor domains,which is evolutionarily highly conserved.Three members of TFF(TFF1,TFF2,and TFF3)have been identified in mammals and are mainly synthesized in mucosal tissues,such as gastrointestinal and respiratory mucosa.They are expressed in goblet cells,ciliated epithelial cells,and submucosal glands in the respiratory tract,and match the expression pattern of mucin in the airway mucosa.The tympanic cavity of the middle ear is covered by a continuous upper layer of mucous membrane.The middle ear mucosa of the eustachian tube and the anterior and lower tympanum comprises respiratory epithelial cells.Therefore,TFF can be expressed in middle ear mucosal epithelial cells.TFF may play an important role in promoting the repair of injured middle ear mucosa,completing the protection of middle ear mucosa,as well as in the migration of middle ear mucosal epithelial cells and inflammatory responses.This review focuses on the current status of research on TFF,primarily in the context of respiratory mucosal epithelium in the middle ear,thus exploring new avenues for the study of occurrence and development of otitis media.