农村居民自杀行为暴露与自杀未遂关系的研究

Relationship between exposure to suicidal behaviors and suicide attempt of rural residents

目的探索农村居民自杀行为暴露与自杀未遂的关系,为相关预防措施的制定提供科学依据。方法采用1∶1配对病例对照研究设计在山东省农村地区选取自杀未遂病例及对照各610例,作为病例组和对照组,通过面对面访问的方式获取研究对象数据,采用多因素条件Logistic回归模型分析自杀行为暴露与自杀未遂的关系。结果病例组和对照组年龄(31.80±8.01 vs 32.00±7.98,P=0.662)差异无统计学意义,女性均占61.6%(376/610)。病例组自杀行为暴露、自杀死亡暴露、自杀未遂暴露分别占7.0%(43/610)、3.0%(18/610)和4.0%(25/610),均高于对照组的2.0%(12/610)、0.7%(4/610)和1.3%(8/610)(P均<0.05)。多因素条件Logistic回归模型分析显示,在调整性别、年龄、受教育水平、婚姻状况、家庭经济状况、躯体疾病、精神疾病、焦虑水平、社会支持水平、冲动水平、绝望水平等因素后,自杀行为暴露史、自杀死亡暴露史、自杀未遂暴露史均为自杀未遂的危险因素,OR(95%CI)分别为4.70(1.78~12.43)、6.85(1.37~34.33)和3.67(1.07~12.62)。结论自杀行为暴露是自杀未遂的危险因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between exposure to suicidal behaviors and suicide attempt of rural residents,and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of relevant preventive measures.Methods A 1∶1 matched case-control study was designed to collect 610 suicide attempt cases and 610 controls as the case group and the control group in rural areas of Shandong Province.The data of the research subjects were obtained through face-to-face interviews,and the multivariate conditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between exposure to suicidal behavior and suicide attempt.Results There was no statistical difference in age between the case group and the control group(31.80±8.01 vs 32.00±7.98,P=0.662),and 61.6%(376/610)were females in each group.Exposure to suicidal behavior,suicide death,and suicide attempt in the case group accounted for 7.0%(43/610),3.0%(18/610)and 4.0%(25/610),respectively,which were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05),about 2.0%(12/610),0.7%(4/610)and 1.3%(8/610),respectively.Multivariate conditional Logistic regression model analysis showed that after adjusting for effects of confounding factors such as gender,age,education level,marital status,family economic status,physical illness,mental illness,anxiety level,social support level,impulsivity level,hopelessness level and other factors,history of exposure to suicidal behavior,history of exposure to suicide death and history of exposure to suicide attempt were all risk factors for suicide attempt,with OR(95%CI)of 4.70(1.78-12.43),6.85(1.37-34.33)and 3.67(1.07-12.62),respectively.Conclusion Exposure to suicidal behavior is a risk factor for suicide attempt.