从茅盾和叶圣陶的早期文学实践看“为人生”文学思潮的多重面向

Multiple Faces of the“For Life”Literary Trend from Mao Dun and Ye Shengtao’s Early Literary Practice

作为“五四”时期“为人生”文学的典型代表,茅盾和叶圣陶的评论和创作实践集中了“为人生”文学思潮在这一时期的多元并存、互动对话的复杂路径。茅盾对“为人生”文学理论资源的孜孜以求,叶圣陶对“为人生”文学理想的多元实践,两人身兼评论者和创作者而产生的互动影响、互为“镜像”,都凸显现出他们探索“为人生”文学的理想艺术形式的执着,对如何界定和描摹“现实”、如何呈现“真实”的“现实”和“革命”的“现实”的焦灼,同时更映照出“为人生”文学广泛、开放、富有弹性的边界,这无疑为渐成新的主流叙事的革命文学提供了可供借鉴和反思的参照。

As the typical representatives of“for life”literature during the May 4th period,Mao Dun and Ye Shengtao’s literary practice epitomized the complex path of coexistence and interaction of the“for life”literary trend.Mao Dun’s pursuit of“for life”literary theory,Ye Shengtao’s creative practice of“for life”literature,and the interaction between the two as reviewers and creators highlight their persistence in exploring the ideal art forms and their anxiety of how to define and describe“reality”,how to present the deep anxiety of“real”“reality”and“revolutionary”“reality”,and at the same time,cast more light upon the broad,open and flexible boundaries of“for life”literature,thus undoubtedly providing a reference for learning and reflection of the revolutionary literature that has gradually become a new mainstream narrative.