占有违法建筑可以排除强制执行的理性分析

Rational Analysis On the Possession of Illegal Building Can be Exempted from Enforcement

案外人执行异议之诉的根本问题不在于民事诉讼法本身,而是执行行为是否具有实体上的正当性,即案外人对执行标的是否享有实体法上的权益。执行标的为违法建筑的案外人执行异议之诉,本质上是案外人对于占有违法建筑是否可以排除强制执行。对此,理论界和司法实务界尚无一致认识和统一做法,究其原因在于违法建筑之上是否具有应受法律保护之民事权益,以及该民事权益是否可以排除强制执行的问题尚未达成共识。对违法建筑的法律定位应从公法和私法两个角度进行双重认定,公法对违法建筑的否定并不影响私法对违法建筑的保护。违法建筑之上具有应受法律保护的民事权益,并依具体情况之不同,由法官综合考量后做出该民事权益是否足以排除强制执行的判断。

Whether the possession of illegal buildings can be excluded from compulsory execution,there is no consensus and unified practice in the theoretical circle or the judicial practice circle.The reason is that there is no consensus on whether the illegal buildings have civil rights and interests that should be protected by law,and whether the civil rights and interests can be excluded from the effectiveness of compulsory execution.The legal orientation of illegal buildings should be double identified from the perspective of public law and private law.The negation of illegal buildings by public law does not affect the protection of illegal buildings by private law.There are civil rights and interests that should be protected by law on illegal buildings.The civil rights and interests that should be occupied on illegal buildings,and according to different specific circumstances,the judge shall decide whether the civil rights and interests are sufficient to exclude compulsory execution according to comprehensive factors.