土地制度改革与乡村土地秩序演变——基于土地要素流动“放”与“限”的思考

Land System Reform and Rural Land Order Evolution——Based on the Flow of Land Elements"Release"and"Limit"Thinking

改革开放以来我国土地制度改革是一个土地要素不断市场化的过程,同时我们要警惕土地要素市场化所带来的社会风险。本研究通过文献回顾,首先提出了乡村土地秩序的分析框架。依此解释框架,首先结合晋东南远郊村DS村的状况对乡村土地秩序的概况和土地制度改革进程进行了回溯,揭示农村土地的承包关系和经营格局;其次结合DS村土地纠纷典型事件进行了叙事分析,对乡村土地纠纷类型和土地社会风险进行了剖析;最后总结出了土地要素流动的规则,对当前乡村土地秩序生成逻辑进行了论述。最终发现我国农村土地改革中的承包关系、经营格局、土地纠纷类型与土地社会风险存在多元化、复杂化的趋势,这正是我国土地制度改革继续深化的难点。据此提出针对我国土地制度改革的政策建议。

Since the reform and opening up,the reform of land system in China is a process of continuous marketization of land elements,at the same time we should be alert to the social risks brought by land marketization.Based on the literature review,this study raises the analysis framework of"release"and"limit"of land element flowing firstly.To explain the framework:firstly,combining with the situation of DS village,this paper retrospect the general situation of rural land order and the reform process of land system,and reveals the contract relationship and management pattern of rural land.Secondly,the narrative analysis of typical land disputes in DS village is carried out to analyze the types of rural land disputes and land social risks.Finally,it summarizes the rules of tland element flowing and discusses the generation logic of the current rural land order.It is concluded that the contract relationship,management pattern,types of land disputes and land social risks in China's rural land reform are diversified and complicated finally,this is the difficulty of deepening the land system reform in our country.Based on this conclusion,this study puts forward some directional suggestions for China's land system reform.