基于络病理论浅谈小儿过敏性鼻炎季节性发病的机理及防治原则

A Brief Discussion on the Mechanism of Seasonal Pathogenesis and Principles of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis Based on Collateral Disease Theory

过敏性鼻炎(AR)是儿童时期常见病、多发病,且发病与季节气候变化有密切的相关性。络病理论是中医学指导难治性疾病辨证治疗的独特临床应用理论,叶天士提出“疾病入络”,认为各种慢性疾病随着病程演变最终会发展至络病。AR多因肺脾肾三脏虚损,津液输布异常所致,加之小儿脏腑娇嫩,导致AR患儿病程较长,长久津液输布不利,可至脉络痹阻。现代西医认为,AR主要是由于机体鼻黏膜血管壁以及血容量的变化引起,与络脉的结构功能相似,因此AR与络脉理论存在密切相关性。本文主要基于络病理论,探讨小儿AR季节发病的机理,并以此为理论依据,加强对小儿AR的临床防治。

Allergic rhinitis(AR)is a common and frequently-occurring disease in childhood,and its incidence is closely related to seasonal climate change.Collateral disease theory is a unique clinical application theory of traditional Chinese medicine to guide the syndrome differentiation and treatment of refractory diseases.YE Tianshi has put forward“diseases entering the collaterals”and believed that various chronic diseases would eventually develop to collateral diseases with the evolution of the disease course.AR is mainly caused by the deficiency of lung,spleen and kidney and the abnormal distribution of body fluid.In addition,the viscera of children is delicate,which leads to a longer course of disease in children with AR,and unfavorable long-term body fluid distribution can lead to obstruction of collaterals.Modern western medicine believes that AR is mainly caused by the changes of nasal mucosal vascular wall and blood volume,which is similar to the structure and function of collaterals.Therefore,AR is closely related to collateral disease theory.Based on the collateral disease theory,this paper discusses the seasonal pathogenesis mechanism of AR in children and takes this as a theoretical basis to strengthen the clinical prevention and treatment of AR in children.