小儿肺炎的病原体检测结果及其与中医证型的关系研究

Pathogen Detection Results of Pneumonia in Children and Their Relationship with Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome

目的:对小儿肺炎病原体检测结果进行分析,并分析其与中医证型的相关性。方法:收集我院2019~2020两年儿科门诊及病房收治的小儿肺炎患儿病例200例,住院当日取患儿末梢血及咽拭子,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测呼吸道病原包括流感病毒A型(IVA)、流感病毒B型(IVB)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、肺炎支原体(MP)、肺炎衣原体(CP)、副流感病毒(PIV)等。结果:200例小儿肺炎患儿中,共检出单一病原体170例(85.00%),其中以IVB、MP较为多见,分别占比32.35%和27.06%,其余病原体检出率较低,依次为IVA、RSV、ADV、PIV、CP;检出多种病原体感染30例(15.00%),其中以RSV+IV(A/B)检出率最高,占比40.00%。病原体分布与患儿年龄、季节及中医证型均无明显相关性(P>0.05);风热闭肺和痰热闭肺证型在3~7岁组中高发,其次为>7岁组,<3岁组最低(P<0.05);风热闭肺证型在春季高发,痰热闭肺证型在春季和冬季高发(P<0.05)。结论:小儿肺炎常见病原体为IVB和MP,中医证型以风热闭肺和痰热闭肺证型多见,病原体分布与中医证型无明显相关性,但中医证型与患儿发病年龄及发病季节有相关性。

Objective:To analyze the pathogen detection results of pneumonia in children and their correlation with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome.Methods:A total of 200 pneumonia children who were admitted to pediatric outpatient and wards of the hospital from 2019 to 2020 two years were collected.On the day of hospitalization,peripheral blood and throat swabs were taken from children.Respiratory pathogens were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),including influenza virus A(IVA),influenza virus B(IVB),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP),chlamydia pneumoniae(CP)and parainfluenza virus(PIV).Results:Of the 200 children with pneumonia,170(85.00%)were infected with single pathogens of which IVB and MP were more common,accounting for 32.35%and 27.06%,respectively.The detection rates of other pathogens were lower,followed by IVA,MP,RSV,ADV,PIV,and CP.30 cases(15.00%)had multiple pathogen infections,and the detection rate of RSV+IV(A/B)was the highest(40.00%).There was no significant correlation between pathogens distribution and age,season and TCM types(P>0.05).The incidence of wind-heat lung-closure type and phlegm-heat lung-closure type was the highest in 3~7 year-old group,followed by>7-year-old group and<3-year-old group(P<0.05).The incidence of wind-heat lung-closure type was high in spring,while incidence of phlegm-heat lung-closure type was high in spring and winter(P<0.05).Conclusion:The common pathogens of pediatric pneumonia are IVB and MP.Wind-heat lung-closure type and phlegm-heat lung-closure type are common TCM types.There is no significant correlation between pathogens distribution and TCM types.TCM types are related to attack age and seasons.