论经量部思想对龟兹佛教的影响——以《俱舍论》与克孜尔石窟为主题

The Infl uence of Sautrantike Thought on Qiuci Buddhism:On the Theme of Abhidharmakosa and Kizil Grottoes

一导论对于龟兹佛教及其石窟艺术的研究,经过中外学界不懈的努力,已取得举世瞩目的成果。但要进一步开展龟兹佛教研究,解决好龟兹佛教研究的定位问题是重要的前提。笔者认为:龟兹佛教的历史定位是在部派佛教历史范畴内;理论定位是在“毗昙学”理论体系之中。^(①)明确定位问题后,龟兹佛教与石窟的深入研究就有了准确的方向与可行的途径。根据历史文献记载与对遗产文物的考证,龟兹佛教属于部派佛教的说一切有部(简称“有部”)已无疑问。以龟兹为中心,形成中国西域最大的有部思想覆盖区,^(②)也是印度境外最重要的有部传播基地之一。

It is recorded in The Biography of Master Sanzang that the classics worshiped by Qiuci Buddhism include Samyuktabhidharma-hrdaya-sastra Abhidharmakosa-sastra and Abhidharma-mahavibhasa-sastra.These three sutras are important landmarks in the development of all ministry thought.This record also shows the mainstream thought and basic development of Qiuci Buddhism.Although all the mainstream thoughts of the ministry run through the whole process,there is no doubt that Qiuci Buddhism is infl uenced by the thoughts of various schools of the Ministry Buddhism in the historical development.Years of research has shown that the Sautrantike has a profound impact on Qiuci Buddhism.Since the heritage of Qiuci Buddhism is mainly grottoes and other artistic forms,it is the only way to explore the ideological signifi cance of Qiuci Buddhism with“The Buddhist method of representation”.This thesis,based on the representative classic Abhidharmakosa-sastra,tries to explore the infl uence of the classics on Qiuci Buddhism through the perspective and analysis of the artistic images in Kizil Grottoes.