叶尼塞河—鄂毕河流域出土楚式镜及其研究

Study on Bronze Mirrors of Chu Style Unearthed in the Yenisei and Ob,Russia

史前东西文化交流是历史时期丝绸之路的基础。自公元前3千纪初期,青铜冶制、战车制造、麦作农业以及马、牛、羊的驯养技术等就通过“史前丝绸之路”向东传播,而彩陶艺术与粟、黍栽培技术等则沿此路线西去。^(①)丝绸之路沿线出土各类遗物,一直是学界研究中外文化交流的重点对象。关于中国境内早期域外文物,研究著述汗牛充栋,成果斐然。张骞“凿空”之前华夏文化在欧亚草原的传播,学界虽格外关注,但整体研究略显单薄。域外所见中国早期文物以丝绸、漆器、铜镜等最引人注目,但著述寥寥无几。20世纪60年代至90年代初,苏联学界在南西伯利亚地区长期进行考古发掘工作,发现了大量中国金属镜。但由于国际政治的影响,上述材料一直秘而不宣。

The bronze mirrors of Chu style were popular in Chu and its surrounding areas during the Warring States Period to the early Western Han Dynasty.At present,at least 18 Chu’s mirrors have been unearthed in the Yenisei and Ob river basins in Russia.The tombs and sites excavated Chu’s mirrors date from the 4th century BC to the 1st century BC.It indicates that before Zhangqian's passage to the Western Region,there existed a“Bronze Mirror Road”connecting the central plains of China with the southern Siberia in Warring States Period.