间断性投喂三种复方中草药对施氏鲟生长及免疫功能的影响

Effect of Intermittent Administration of Three Compound Chinese Herbal Medicines on Growth and Immunity in Amur Sturgeon

以刺五加、藿香、党参和五味子组成中草药复方一(添加量0.4g/kg);茵陈、大黄、黄芩等组成复方二(0.75g/kg);贯众、大青叶、板蓝根、紫草根等组成复方三(1.86g/kg),水煎剂拌饲。在水温(15.5±1)℃下,将体质量(115±4)g的施氏鲟Acipenser schrencki Brandt饲养于室内半径为1m的圆形水泥池中2.5个月,饲养试验期间每月前15d投喂上述药饵,后15d投喂基础饲料,对照组全程投喂基础饲料,日投喂量为2%,并于试验第16d、46d和76d测定鱼体质量、血清、肝脏、脾脏及头肾中免疫酶的活性,探讨三个中药复方对施氏鲟生长及免疫功能的影响。结果表明:3组中草药均能促进施氏鲟生长,与对照组相比,复方Ⅱ组促进施氏鲟生长显著(P<0.05)。实验第16d,复方Ⅰ和Ⅲ组中草药可显著提高施氏鲟头肾中溶菌酶(LZM)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性(P<0.05),复方Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组施氏鲟脾脏中AKP及血清中CAT活性显著提高(P<0.05);实验第46d,复方Ⅰ和Ⅲ组施氏鲟脾脏和头肾中LZM、AKP和CAT活性、血清中AKP活性及复方Ⅰ组肝脏中AKP活性显著提高(P<0.05);实验第76d,复方Ⅰ和Ⅱ组施氏鲟肝脏中AKP活性和脾脏中LZM活性及复方Ⅱ组施氏鲟脾脏中CAT活性显著提高(P<0.05)。综合比较,中草药复方Ⅱ在间断性给药方式下提高施氏鲟生长及免疫能力的效果较好。

Compound Chinese herbal medicineⅠ(0.4 g/kg)composing of Acanthopanax senticosus,Herba Houttuyniae,Codonopsis pilosula and Schisandra chinensis;CompoundⅡ(0.75 g/kg)consisting of Oriental wormwood,Rhubarb and Scutellaria baicalensis;CompoundⅢ(1.86 g/kg)comprising Cyrtomium fortunei,folium isatidis,Radix Isatidis and lithospermum,with water decoction was formulated the experimental diets.Amur sturgeon(Acipenser schrencki Brandt)with body weight of(115±4)g was reared in a circular cement pond with a radius of 1 m for 2.5 months at water temperature of(15.5±1)℃.Fish in all groups were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice daily at 2.00%of body weight.The above-mentioned Compound Chinese herbal medicine was fed at first 15 days,and the basic diet was feed at the second 15 days in each month,the control group was fed with basic diet throughout the experiment.The body weight and activities of immune enzymes in serum,liver,spleen and head kidney were measured on the 16 th,46 th and76 th days during the experiment to investigate the effects of three Chinese herbal compound recipes on growth and immune function of Amur sturgeon.The results indicate that all the three Chinese herbal medicines were shown to promote the growth of Amur sturgeon,and the growth of Amur sturgeon in compoundⅡwere significantly enhanced compared with control group(P<0.05).On the 16 th day,the activities of lysozyme(LZM),alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and catalase(CAT)in the head kidney of Amur sturgeon were significantly increased in the compound I andⅢgroups compared with the control group(P<0.05).On the 46 th day,the activities of LZM,AKP and CAT were significantly enhanced in spleen,head kidney and serum of Amur sturgeon in compound I andⅢgroups and the activity of AKP in liver were also significant increase in compound I group compared with the control group(P<0.05).On day 76,the activity of AKP in liver and LZM in spleen were increase by compound I and II,meanwhile,the activity of CAT in spleen was significantly increase in compoundⅡgroups(P<0.05).General comparison,Chinese herbal medicine in compoundⅡgroup had better effect on the growth and immune ability of Amur sturgeon by intermittent administration.