饲料中添加复方中草药或核苷酸对虎龙杂交石斑鱼生长和免疫的影响

Effect of Compound Chinese Medicine and Nucleotide Additives on Growth and Immunity of Hybrid Grouper(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂)

在水温27.05~31.05℃下,将初始质量为(22.36±0.07)g的虎龙杂交石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂)饲养在有效养殖水体0.55m^3的桶中,每桶50尾鱼,投喂在基础饲料中添加由板蓝根、黄岑、黄芪、忍冬藤、白芷和甘草组成的复合中草药添加剂和由纯化胞苷酸、腺苷酸、胸苷酸、鸟苷酸、鸟苷酸和核糖核酸按等质量比例复配成的核苷酸,剂量为0g/kg(对照组)、2g/kg和4g/kg的复方中草药或4g/kg的核苷酸,饲养56d时尾静脉采血,测定血清免疫指标,研究复方中草药和核苷酸对虎龙杂交石斑鱼生长性能和免疫能力的影响。饲养结果表明:添加复方中草药或核苷酸能显著提高虎龙杂交石斑鱼的成活率(P<0.05),与对照组相比,4g/kg中草药组肥满度和脏体比显著增加(P<0.05),饲料系数降低了5.2%;4g/kg核苷酸组鱼溶菌酶活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05);添加复方中草药或核苷酸提高了虎龙杂交石斑鱼肾脏和脾脏中白细胞介素β(IL-1β)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)和热休克蛋白70(HSP70)免疫相关基因的表达量,2g/kg中草药添加剂的增强效果更明显。综上所述,2g/kg、4g/kg的复方中草药添加量能有效促进虎龙杂交石斑鱼生长,具有一定的增强免疫效果。

Juvenile hybrid grouper(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E.lanceolatus♂)with initial body weight of(22.36±0.07)g was reared in a barrel of 0.55 m^3 at a stocking density of 50 fish per barrel,and fed the basic diet(control group)supplemented with compound Chinese herbal medicine consisting of Baphicacanthus cusia,Astragalus membranaceus,radix astragali,Lonicera japonica,Angelica dahuricae and liquorice at doses of 0 g/kg(control group),2 g/kg and 4 g/kg,and nucleotides composed of purified cytidine acids,adenylic acid,thymidine,guanosine,guanosine acid and ribonucleic acid in equal mass ratio at doses of 4 g/kg at water temperature of 27.05~31.05℃for 56 days when the blood was sampled from caudal vein for measurement of growth and detection of activities of enzymes related to immunity to investigate the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine and the compounded nucleotides on growth performance and immunity of hybrid grouper.Results showed that there were significantly higher growth and survival rate in than those in the control group(P<0.05),compared with control,viscerosomatic index and condition factor in 4 g/kg Chinese herbal medicine group was significantly higher(P<0.05),and feed conversion ratio decreased by 5.2%..The hybrid grouper had significantly higher lysozyme activity in the treated groups than the hybrid grouper in the controls did,especially in 4 g/kg nucleotide group(P<0.05).The increase in the expression levels of IL-1β,IFN-γ,HSP70 in the kidney and spleen,was observed in the hybrid grouper fed the diets supplemented with compound Chinese herbal or nucleotide additives,especially in the 2 g/kg Chinese herbal medicine group.In summary,dietary compound Chinese herbal medicine at a dose of 2 g/kg and 4 g/kg led to promote the growth and immunity of the hybrid grouper.