气动人工肌肉驱动的微重力环境背部骨肌训练设备研究

Research on the Training Equipment of Dorsal Skeletal Muscle Driven by Pneumatic Artificial Muscle in Microgravity Environment

航天员在太空执行任务时会长时间暴露在微重力环境下,这会导致航天员的肌肉和骨骼迅速退化,引起肌肉萎缩骨质流失等,严重影响航天员的健康,而对抗训练可以减轻失重带来的这方面影响。目前已有的太空训练设备中没有针对航天员背部的对抗训练设备,因此本文设计了一款由气动人工肌肉驱动的针对航天员背部骨肌的对抗训练设备。本文详细阐述了气动人工肌肉的原理构造与特性,完成了设备的机械结构设计、设备的控制部分设计及其硬件实现。控制系统采用Arduino作为主控制器,高速开关阀作为执行元件对人工肌肉进行控制。实验结果验证了控制系统能够有效地控制气动人工肌肉驱动设备执行训练任务。

Astronauts are exposed to microgravity environment for a long time when performing tasks in space,which will lead to rapid degradation of astronauts'muscles and bones,cause muscle atrophy and bone loss,and seriously affect the health of astronauts,while confrontation training can reduce the impact of weightlessness.At present,there is no confrontation training equipment for astronauts'back in the existing space training equipment,so this paper designs a confrontation training equipment driven by pneumatic artificial muscles for astronauts'back muscles.This paper describes the principle,structure and characteristics of the pneumatic artificial muscle in detail,and completes the mechanical structure design,control part design and hardware implementation of the equipment.The control system uses Arduino as the main controller,and the high-speed on-off valve as the actuating element to control the artificial muscle.The experimental results show that the control system can effectively control the pneumatic artificial muscle driving device to perform training tasks.