毗陵小片吴语与日语的音韵对比研究

A Comparative Study of Phonology between Changzhou dialect and Japanese

该文以“常用漢字表(2010)”中的2076个汉字为样本,首先通过查阅工具书等确定其毗陵小片吴语的读音(部分汉字包括文白两种读音)及日语的吴音和汉音读音,然后分别从声母(首辅音)和韵母(首辅音以外部分)两个角度进行了对比,考察了毗陵小片吴语与日语的音韵对应特征。结果显示,吴语的声母与吴音及汉音首辅音的对应关系,相对于普通话和绝大部分其他方言要更加整齐;再者,入声韵与日语汉字音元音部分的对应关系,虽不如粤语等完整保留了三种入声韵尾的方言,但比起普通话及没有入声的方言有一定的优势。

This paper used the 2076 Chinese characters in the‘Joyo Kanji(2010)’as samples.Firstly by consulting reference books to find out the pronunciation of Changzhou dialect(some Chinese characters include two pronunciations of Wendu and Baidu),as well as Wu-reading and Han-reading in Japanese.Then to reveal the phonological correspondence between Changzhou dialect and Japanese,this paper compared the pronunciation of Changzhou dialect and Japanese reading from the perspectives of initial consonants and finals.The results show that the correspondence between the initial consonants of Changzhou dialeet and the initial consonants of Japanese is more orderly than that of Mandarin and most other dialects.Moreover,although the corresponding relationship between the entering tone of Changzhou dialect and the finals of Japanese is not as complete as Cantonese and other dialects that retain three entering tones,it has certain advantages over Mandarin and dialects without entering tones.