日语指示词的象征用法

Symbolic Usages of Japanese Demonstratives

本文以“我·这里·现在”发话者“直示中心”为视点,通过对133部37万余字文本资料的调查统计和299个实际用例的观察分析,对直示时间·空间体系下的日语指示词象征用法进行下位分类,即表示时间的象征用法、表示空间的象征用法及表示环境(背景)的象征用法。在象征用法中,コ系的使用占绝对优势,这是因为在语篇环境下,发话者的直示中心依然是语境前提,此时,ソ系、ア系几乎退出使用,近称优先原则发挥着重要作用。

From the perspective of the“deictic center”of the speaker composed of“I”,now and“here”,this paper observes and analyzes 299 instances of the symbolic usages of Japanese demonstratives found in 133 TV drama scripts containing 370,000 Japanese letters,and then divides the symbolic usages of Japanese demonstratives into three categories,the symbolic usages expressing time,space and environment(background)respectively.In terms of symbolic usages,KO-series has overwhelming predominance because the deictic center remains a prerequisite for the context while SO-series and A-series are rarely used as proximal deixis enjoys priority.