贝原益轩的道德观:从“事天地”到“乐”的旅程

Moral Values of Kaibara Ekiken:from“Serve the Universe”to“Joy”

贝原益轩是日本江户时代著名的思想家,是朱子学忠实信奉者,同时十分重视实学教育,不断促进朱子学在日本普通民众中的普及,开展有利于民生日用的“有用之学”,为近世日本朱子学的“实学化”和教育的“庶民化”做出了突出贡献。本文在对贝原益轩的《大和俗训》《大疑录》《慎思录》进行文本解读的基础上,尝试对贝原益轩道德观的构成与实质进行系统化分析,厘清了贝原益轩的“事天地说”、道德观及其“乐”思想三者间的内部逻辑关系,这有助于实现对贝原益轩思想的体系化认知。

Kaibara Ekiken was a famous Japanese thinker in the Edo Period.As a faithful believer of Zhu Xi’s Philosophy,Ekiken attached great importance to practical education and constantly promoted the popularization of Zhu Xi’s Philosophy among ordinary Japanese people.He tried his best to develop the notion of“useful learning”which was beneficial to people’s daily life,and made remarkable contributions to the practicability of Zhu Xi’s Philosophy and the popularization of education in early-modern Japan.Based on the interpretation of Kaibara Ekiken’s works,“yamatozokun”,“daigiroku”,and“shinshiroku”,this paper tries to analyze the constituent elements and the essence of his moral values.It has also clarified the internal logical relationship among Ekiken’s theory of“serve the universe”,his moral values,and“joy”,thus promoting the systematic research on Kaibara Ekiken’s thought.