張錯《連枝草》現代題畫詩對中國古典水墨畫的文本關涉

The Textual Relationship of Modern Inscribed Poetry The Textual Relationship between Modern Inscribed Poetry on Paintings and Classical Chinese Ink Painting in Dominic Cheung’s Clovers—Selected Poems

題畫詩是中國古典詩傳統之一,然則在現代詩的創作場域中卻尚待開展。現代詩人觀中國古典水墨畫而爲現代詩,本身即涉及詩和畫之間媒體形式的互文關係轉换,特别是中國古典水墨畫自成一再現體系,現代詩人如何出入圖像進行辯證,實爲重要課題。學者張錯既有《風格定器物》之論著,詩人張錯亦有《連枝草》之詩畫創作,兩者交相輻湊,實深化出“在現代情境中古典水墨畫之美與美感經驗如何發生?並且透過現代詩話語予以體現?”此一問題意識。本文即透過“觀中遊:動態觀視”“天工與畫工:生成意識”論述進程,研究張錯現代詩與中國古典水墨畫間的互文現象。從中可見張錯在題畫過程中,一方面爲畫作投置主體,透過畫中山水空間的層次組合,建構主體感官與山水自然的互動關係,突破繪畫本身形式上的静態限制,以詩話語釋放繪畫潛存之動能;另一方面則運用畫法入詩,整合中國古典水墨繪畫傳統進行繪畫山水與人物的再現,使文本産生藝術品評的功能,並揉入自身審美品味,進而使繪畫與詩美學得以共進。

Inscribing poetry on paintings is a tradition in classical Chinese poetic history,but it has been under-developed in the field of modern poetry.Classical Chinese painting,which involves a process of translation of language into the symbolic system,is viewed by modern poets as modern poetry.Notably,Chinese painting itself is a representation system;this therefore has given rise to an important issue concerning how modern poets enter and exit the images as a dialectic discourse.As a scholar,Dominic Cheung authored a monograph,Authenticating Art by Styles;as a poet,he created the poems and the painting in Clovers—Selected Poems.These two works are deeply intertwined and arouse the awareness of two questions:1)how does the“experience”of the beauty and aesthetics of classical landscape painting take place in modern contexts?2)how can it be embodied through modern poetic language?Through the two discourses on“Viewing in Tours:Dynamic Viewing”and“Work of Nature and Work of Painting:Generating Consciousness,”this paper examines the phenomenon of the intertextuality between modern poetry and classical Chinese painting.It can be seen that in the process of inscribing a poem on the painting,the layout and the composition of the landscape in the painting establish an interaction between the subject and nature,which breaks the limits of the static state of painting itself and releases the potential agency within the painting through poetic language.On the other hand,the integration of traditional Chinese ink painting techniques in representing the landscape and character shall enable the text to feature a function of aesthetic valuation and to further enhance the aesthetic appeal of the painting and the poem.