河北泥河湾盆地西白马营遗址1985-1986年出土的石制品

Stone artifacts unearthed in 1985 and 1986 from the Xibaimaying site of the Nihewan Basin,Hebei Province

西白马营遗址位于泥河湾盆地中部,于1985年调查发现并进行了试掘;次年正式发掘并获取了石制品、骨制品、动物化石等丰富的文化遗物。铀系法测年遗址距今约1.8万年,推测为临时石器加工场所。石器技术属于中国北方的小型石片石器传统。新的田野工作和测年数据表明,遗址属旧石器时代晚期早段。我们对1985年试掘及1986年正式发掘出土的石制品进行了类型划分及技术分析,并结合最新的年代测定结果,对遗址文化面貌及属性进行了重新厘定及研究成果重要性的讨论。

The Xibaimaying site was discovered in 1985 and first excavated from 1985 to 1986.The site was U-series dated to 18±1 kaBP and 15±1 kaBP based on two bovid teeth samples from the culture layer in 1989.When the site was re-dated using single-grain OSL methods in 2017,resulting ages indicated that the cultural layer was deposited 46±3 kaBP.With the differences in dates,the lithic assemblage needed to be reexamined.The representative tool assemblage included scrapers and points,which are widely found in Upper Paleolithic sites in northern China.Direct hard hammer percussion was the main flaking technique,with mostly unprepared platforms.It is believed that this assemblage represents the flake-tool tradition of the Upper Paleolithic in North China even though it has some unique characteristics.Retouching focused mostly on functional tool parts,such as scraper edges and the sharp corner of points to obtain effective functions in the most cost-effective way.There is a skill and maturity to the knapping and retouching technology.This assemblage shows that the cultural traditions of earlier sites such as at Xujiayao,Banjingzi and Xinmiaozhuang were inherited and developed at Xibaimaying.