X射线衍射技术在烧骨实验研究中的初步应用

Preliminary application of the X-rays diffraction technique in experimental study of burnt bones

烧骨作为考古遗址中较为常见的一类特征遗物,对研究古人类用火行为有着重要的意义。过往研究表明,骨骼在加热过程中,其内部晶体会根据加热程度的不同产生不同的变化。骨骼在加热前的状态,能够在一定程度上反映古人类对骨骼进行热处理的动机与目的。为了了解骨骼在焚烧前的初始状态是否会对其内部晶体产生不同的影响,本研究利用56件现生羊骨进行了烧骨实验。实验设置了带肉骨、剔肉骨和干骨三种不同初始状态的骨骼,并在前人的研究基础上进一步细化了焚烧温度和时间参数。焚烧完成后,利用X射线衍射技术对所有样品进行了分析并观察其衍射图的差异。实验结果显示,骨骼有机质含量的多少,骨骼内部元素的不同,在一定的温度和时间条件下,会对骨骼内晶体的形成产生不同的影响。文章最后探讨了这种差异在考古研究中运用的可能性。

Burnt bones are commonly found in archaeological sites and they are significant to a due understanding of the uses of fire by prehistoric humans.Previous studies have shown that the crystalline state of burnt bones will change differently under varying heating intensities.In order to understand whether the initial states of bones will have some effects on their crystalline states after burning,56 sheep bones were burned in this study.We prepared three different initial states of bones(fleshed,defleshed and dry),and we further refined the temperature and time parameters of incineration.All samples were analyzed by using XRD.We find that the different initial states did have an effect on the crystalline states of bones after their burning,under certain temperature and time conditions.We also discussed the possibility of the application of this discovery in archaeological research.