旧石器时代早期石核分类方法试析

A pilot analysis of the classification method of cores in the early Paleolithic

石核是石制品的重要类型,对于揭示早期人类对原料的利用程度、技术发展序列和认知能力等具有重要作用。对于旧石器时代早期石核类型的划分,中国学者经常以台面数量的多少作为标准。但是,这一分类方法忽视了石核剥片技术的多样性,难以深入揭示古人类石器技术及相关行为与认知能力等方面的信息。目前,国际同行所使用的旧石器时代早期石核分类方法多样,其中以Mary Leakey、J.Desmond Clark、Glynn Isaac、Eric Boёda、Kathleen Kuman和Ignacio de la Torre所建立和使用的分类体系最具代表性。本文对中国旧石器时代早期石核类型划分进行回顾,并对上述几种石核分类体系进行评述和比较,分析各自的优劣。在此基础上,对今后国内相关研究工作进行讨论。

As an important type of stone products,core plays an important role in revealing the utilization degree of raw materials,technological development sequence and cognitive ability of early humans.With regard to the typological classifications of cores in the Early Paleolithic,Chinese scholars usually take account to the platform numbers as a key criterion.However,this classification method neglects the technological diversity during the process of core flaking,and thus hinders a deep understanding of the lithic technology and related cognitive abilities of early humans.Currently,various core classification methods have been employed by our international colleagues.Among these,the approaches that established and used by Mary Leakey,J.Desmond Clark,Glynn Isaac,Eric Boёda,Kathleen Kuman and Ignacio de la Torre respectively are the most representative ones.In this paper,we aim to review and compare those different classification systems and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.On this basis,We will discuss relevant domestic research work in the future.