无坎宽顶堰水噪声产生机理物理模型试验研究

Physical model test on water noise generating mechanism in broad-crested ridge-free weir

为降低城市水利景观设施给人们生活带来的水噪声影响,利用物理模型试实验,研究了无坎宽顶堰在不同上游流量、不同下游水深、不同堰高的条件下水噪声的产生机理。对下泄水流产生的水噪声及堰趾产生的水压力进行测量,分析了水噪声和水压力的产生规律及二者之间的关系。结果表明:噪声值与压力值均会随上游流量和堰高的增加而增加,随下游水深的增加而减少。通过对试验数据进行分析,推测城市水利景观设施的水噪声主要是由两部分组成:一部分为下泄水流对堰趾冲击作用产生的水噪声;另一部分为水流自身紊动产生的水噪声。今后将分别对冲击水噪声及紊动水噪声展开研究,找出针对无坎宽顶堰的水噪声主动降噪措施。

In order to reduce the noise effect of urban water conservancy landscape facilities on people’s life,the mechanism of water noise generation mechanism under different upstream flows different downstream water depths and different weir heights was studied by using physical model test.The water noise generated by the water discharge and the water pressure in the weir toe slab were measured.The results showed that the noise and pressure values will increase as upstream flow and weir height increase,and decline with the increase of downstream water depth.Through analysis of the experimental data,it is concluded that the water noise generated from the urban water conservancy landscape is mainly composed of two parts:one caused by the impact of the water discharge on the toe slab of broad-crested weir,and the other caused by the flow turbulence.In the future,the impulsive water noise and the turbulent water noise will be studied separately to find out the active noise reduction measures for the water noise in broad-crested ridge-free weir.