船用甲醇发动机油的发展趋势与性能需求

Future Development and Performance of Lubricating Oil for Methanol-fueled Marine Engine

为应对日益严重的环境和气候问题,国际海事组织(IMO)将负责温室气体(GHG)的减排工作,并制定了温室气体减排方案,该方案分为两个时间段减少温室气体的排放。为实现较少温室气体排放的目标,根据时间段制定了3项措施。甲醇因其可用性和具有竞争力的价格而成为替代燃料。以甲醇为燃料的大型滚装船Stena Germanica号的运行,验证了甲醇作为替代燃料的可用性。与传统的船舶柴油相比,除了大幅降低硫和颗粒物的排放量外,使用甲醇还可以降低氮氧化物的排放量,并且在以可再生能源为原料的情况下,还能够降低整个燃料生命周期的二氧化碳排放量。通过对现有的船用甲醇发动机的技术进行分析,船用甲醇发动机润滑油较传统润滑油在性能上有所改变:甲醇燃烧产生的甲酸、甲醛和水,会要求油品具有更高的分水、抗乳化性能;较高的碱值保持能力,并且油品应具备耐醇性能,防止抗氧抗磨剂被醇的萃取作用等。

In response to the increasingly serious environmental and climate issues,the International Maritime Organization(IMO)has adopted measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gas(GHG)from ships and developed its initial strategy,which will be implemented in two phases.To achieve the GHG reduction targets,three measures are developed in phases.Methanol becomes an alternative fuel because of its availability at competitive prices.The operation of the methanol-fueled large RoRo ship Stena Germanica has demonstrated the usability of methanol as an alternative fuel.Except for a significant reduction in sulfur and particulate matter emissions compared to conventional marine diesel,the use of methanol also reduces NOx emissions and,when using renewable energy sources as a feedstock,reduces COemissions throughout the overall fuel life cycle.The performance of lubricating oils for methanol-fueled marine engines may vary due to the change in the marine engine and fuel.Through the analysis of existing methanol-fueled marine engine technologies,it is found that the performance of lubricating oil for methanol-fueled marine engine has improved compared with traditional ones.On one hand,the lubricating oil has higher level of water separation property and resistance to emulsion,corresponding to the formic acid,formaldehyde and water produced by the combustion of methanol require.On the other hand,the lubricating oil has higher base number retention ability and methanol resistance property to prevent the antioxidants and anti-wear additives from being extracted by methanol.