基于两水平模型的结核病防治核心信息知晓情况相关因素分析

Analysis of relevant factors on public awareness in key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control based on two-level model

目的 分析影响北京市公众结核病防治核心信息知晓情况的相关因素。方法 通过构建以公众为水平1单位,公众所在区为水平2单位的两水平logistic回归模型,分析影响知晓情况的相关因素。结果 研究资料经过零模型检验显示在所在区水平存在聚集性,适用于建立两水平模型。影响公众结核病防治核心信息的相关因素包括性别、年龄、教育和职业,女性组作为保护因素对于结核病防治核心信息非全部知晓的风险是男性组的0.865倍(95%CI:0.832~0.900),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=51.800,P<0.05);年龄46~<60岁组和60岁及以上组对于结核病防治核心信息非全部知晓的风险是15~<30岁组的1.319倍(95%CI:1.227~1.418)(χ^(2)=55.041,P<0.05)和2.048倍(95%CI:1.629~2.576)(χ^(2)=37.307,P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。30~<46岁组作为保护因素其结核病防治核心信息非全部知晓的风险是15~<30岁组的0.894倍(95%CI:0.856~0.933),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=25.640,P<0.05)。教育程度为高中组、初中组和小学及以下组结核病防治核心信息非全部知晓的风险是大学及以上组的1.288倍(95%CI:1.229~1.350)、1.725倍(95%CI:1.579~1.884)和3.013倍(95%CI:2.415~3.760),差异有统计学意义(高中组:χ^(2)=113.522,P<0.05;初中组:χ^(2)=144.520,P<0.05;小学及以下组:χ^(2)=95.612,P<0.05)。职业为学生/离退/无业/其他组结核病防治核心信息非全部知晓的风险是工人/农民组的1.313倍(95%CI:1.226~1.406),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=58.921,P<0.05),而卫生/教育/行政管理/商业服务组与工人/农民组对结核病防治核心信息知晓情况差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.044,P=0.153)。结论 两水平模型适用于北京市公众结核病防治核心信息知晓情况的相关因素分析。北京地区可针对男性、中老年人、高中及以下学历以及学生/离退/无业等人群开展精准的结核病防治健康教育,以提高健康促进工作的实效。

Objective To analyze the related factors of public awareness in key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control in Beijing.Methods A two-level logistic regression model with the public as the level 1 unit and the area as the level 2 unit was constructed to analyze the relevant factors.Results The relevant factors interfering public awareness in key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control included gender,age,education and occupation.The risk of awareness in all the key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control in female group was 0.865 times higher than that in male group(95%CI:0.832-0.900),and the difference was significant(χ^(2)=51.800,P<0.05).Age group 46-<60,age group 60 and above were 1.319 times(95%CI:1.227-1.418)(χ^(2)=55.041,P<0.05)and 2.048 times(95%CI:1.629-2.576)(χ^(2)=37.307,P<0.05)of the age group 15~<30,and the difference was significant.As a protective factor,the risk of awareness in all the key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control in age group 30-<46 was 0.894 times(95%CI:0.856-0.933)of the 15-<30 group,and the difference was significant(χ^(2)=25.640,P<0.05). The risk of awareness in all the key messages oftuberculosis prevention and control in senior high school group,junior high school group,primary school and below groupwas 1.288 times(95%CI:1.229-1.350),1.725 times(95%CI:1.579-1.884)and 3.013 times(95%CI:2.415-3.760)higher than those in university and above group,and the difference was significant(senior high school group:χ^(2)=113.522,P<0.05,junior high school group:χ^(2)=144.520,P<0.05,primary school and below group:χ^(2)=95.612,P<0.05). The risk ofoccupation for student/retirement/unemployed/other group was 1.313 times(95%CI:1.226-1.406)of the workers/farmers(χ^(2)=58.921,P<0.05). There was no significant difference in key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control betweenhealth/education/administration/business service group and workers/farmers group(χ^(2)=2.044,P=0.153). Conclusions Thetwo-level model was applicable to the analysis of relevant factors on public awareness in key messages of tuberculosisprevention and control core information in Beijing. The accurate health education on tuberculosis prevention and controlcould be carry out for male,over 46 years old,high school and below,as well as students/retirees/unemployed,so as toimprove the effectiveness of health promotion.