咸宁市“十三五”期间血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

Analysis on the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Xianning city during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period

目的分析咸宁市“十三五”期间血吸虫病监测点疫情,掌握疫情发展趋势,科学评价防治效果。方法依据血吸虫病监测方案,在咸宁市血吸虫病流行区选择12个监测村开展病例监测、人群病情、家畜病情、螺情监测及风险监测等工作。结果2016-2020年间,全市无血吸虫病突发疫情发生。累计查出血检阳性621人,粪检阳性0人。血检阳性率由2016年的2.07%下降至2020年的0.69%。男性、60~岁年龄组的血检阳性率高于其他类型。流动人群血检阳性率在2017年为0.49%(4/820),其余年份均为0.00%。家畜查病无阳性。钉螺感染率为0.00%,活螺平均密度在0.09~0.15只/框。有螺框出现率由2016年的3.62%上升至2020年的4.99%。未发现Ⅰ级风险环境。结论“十三五”期间,咸宁市血防工作实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略,疫情指标稳步下降,下一步要继续维持监测能力,重点加强风险监测及流动人口的管理。

Objective To analyze the epidemic data of schistosomiasis surveillance sites in Xianning city during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period,grasp the epidemic trend,and scientifically evaluate the control effect.Methods According to the Schistosomiasis Surveillance Scheme,12 surveillance villages were selected in the schistosomiasis endemic area of Xianning city where the case monitoring,infection of residents and livestock,the distribution of snails,and risk monitoring were implemented.Results During 2016 to 2020,there was no outbreak of schistosomiasis in Xianning city.A total of 621 people tested positive for blood samples and 0 positive for feces samples.The human positive rate of blood test of schistosomiasis was decreased from 2.07%in 2016 to 0.69%in 2020.The positive rate of blood test for male,60 years old group were higher than those of other age groups.The positive rate of blood test for floating population was 0.49%(4/820)in 2017 and 0.00%in other years.No positive results were found in livestock.The infection rate of snails was 0.00%and the mean density of living snails was ranged from 0.09 to 0.15 snail/0.1 m2.The rate of frames with snails increased from 3.62%in 2016 to 4.99%in 2020.No levelⅠrisk environment was found.Conclusions During the“13th Five-Year Plan”period,the comprehensive prevention and control strategy of infection source control was implemented in Xianning city.The main indexes of schistosomiasis prevention decreased significantly.Continue to maintain monitoring capabilities and focus on strengthening risk monitoring and management of floating populations should be the next important move.