多组学在新型冠状病毒肺炎诊断中的作用及研究进展

The role and research progress of multi-omics in the diagnosis of COVID-19

截至2022年9月14日,世界卫生组织报告由急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)(简称新冠肺炎)大流行已蔓延至223个国家和地区,超过6.05亿例确诊病例和640万例死亡病例。此外部分新冠肺炎患者虽然动脉部分氧分压极低,但临床症状轻微,这极大地增加了诊治难度。因此,确定SARS-CoV-2的生物学特性,筛选出新型的、准确度更高的诊断标志物迫在眉睫。近年来,多组学通过高通量检测和分析技术,在揭示疾病特征和辅助疾病诊断方面发挥着重要作用。本文讨论了包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学在内的多组学在新冠肺炎诊断中的作用,以期为新冠肺炎相关的监测和临床决策提供参考。

As at 14 September 2022,the World Health Organization had reported that the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),had spread to 223 countries and regions,with over 605 million confirmed cases and 6.4 million deaths.In addition,some patients with COVID-19 have very low arterial partial oxygen pressure,but the clinical symptoms are mild,which greatly increases the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment.Therefore,it is urgent to determine the biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and screen for new and more accurate diagnostic markers.In this review,we discussed the role of multi-omics,including genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics and metabolomics,in the diagnosis of COVID-19,in order to provide reference for the monitoring and clinical decision-making of COVID-19.