一起由境外输入性病例引起的本土聚集性登革热疫情的流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological survey and analysis of local cluster dengue fever epidemic resulting from an imported case

目的分析2017年深圳市宝安区沙井街道一起由输入性病例引起本土聚集性登革热疫情的流行特征及处置过程,为制定有效登革热防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用现场流行病学方法,调查患者的发病过程、临床症状、旅居史和生活轨迹等,采集病例与疑似病例的血清标本进行血常规、登革热抗体检测与核酸检测等,应用布雷图指数、双层叠帐法和诱蚊诱卵器法监测蚊媒密度。结果本次疫情共4例病例,1例为马来西亚输入病例,3例本土病例,无死亡病例。病例流行时间持续36 d,均为Ⅱ型登革热病毒。病例周边布雷图指数从44.83下降至0.690,叮咬指数从4只/(人·h)下降至0,诱蚊诱卵器指数从8.16下降至2.63。结论该事件是由感染Ⅱ型登革热病毒输入病例引起。采用多部门联防联控、贯彻新时代爱国卫生运动、消灭蚊媒孳生地和开展健康教育等对登革热防控起到积极作用。

Objective This survey attempts to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and response course of local cluster dengue fever epidemic resulting from an imported case,which broke out in Shajing street,Bao′an district,Shenzhen,and provide scientific evidence for tailoring effective measures to prevent and treat dengue fever.Method The onset process,clinical symptoms,travel history and life traces of the patient were surveyed by field epidemiology,the serum samples of confirmed cases and suspected cases were collected for blood routine,dengue fever antibody detection and NAT,and the density of mosquito vectors was monitored by means of breteau index,double-layered net,and mosq-ovitrap.Results 4 cases were detected in this outbreak of epidemic,1 imported case from Malaysia and 3 local cases,no death case was found;the duration of epidemic was 36 days;all cases were confirmed as typeⅡdengue fever virus;the brayto index(BI)in the peripheral region of cases dropped from 44.83 to 0.69,the bite index reduced from 4/person·hour to 0,and the mosq-ovitrap index reduced from 8.16 to 2.63.Conclusions This incident resulted from an imported case infected typeⅡdengue virus.The epidemic prevention was positively done by involving many departments in prevention and control,rolling out the patriotic health campaign in the new era,eradicating the breeding place of mosquito vectors,and delivering health care education.