2016-2020年安徽省血吸虫病综合防治效果评估

Evaluation of schistosomiasis integrated control effect in Anhui province from2016 to 2020

目的评估安徽省2016-2020年血吸虫病综合防治实施效果,为制定下一阶段血吸虫病防治策略和巩固血防成果提供依据。方法收集2016-2020年安徽省卫生、水利、农业和林业等部门血吸虫病综合防治措施实施资料,建立数据库并分析每年各项措施完成情况,评估防治效果。结果“十三五”期间,卫生部门在全省累计开展询检查病609.01万人次,血检查病636.23万人次,粪检查病71.50万人次,开展人群扩大化疗98.84万人次,实施晚血患者医疗救治22933.00人次;全省累计开展钉螺调查48.84亿hm^(2),新发现钉螺面积1516.53 hhm^(2),复现钉螺面积1575.35 hhm^(2),药物灭螺面积5.28亿hm^(2);在血吸虫病流行区大力实施推进无害化厕所建设和开展健康教育活动,无害化厕所普及率逐渐上升,健康教育活动累计覆盖3352.65万人次;农业部门在全省累计开展家畜查病171870头次,完成家畜治疗及预防性服药179346头次,完成家畜圈养404868头(只),完成以机代牛16024台(套),完成水改旱153727.45公顷,完成沟渠硬化260.25 km,完成养鱼灭螺6825.31万hm^(2),完成沼气池建设10604.00座;水利部门在全省累计完成河流湖泊治理966.74 km,完成流行区农村饮水工程163.47万人,完成灌区改造工程312座,完成血吸虫病防治安全区建设72处;林业部门在全省累计完成退化林修复11.1万公顷,完成防护林建设117.8万公顷,完成4个湿地及野生动植物自然保护区保护项目建设。全省人群血吸虫感染率从“十二五”末期2015年的0.130%下降至2020年的0.073%,降幅为43.85%。2016-2019年均无急性感染者病例,在2020年发现1例外来流动人群急性血吸虫感染病例;全省已连续5年未发现家畜血吸虫感染。结论“十三五”期间安徽省实施血吸虫病综合防治科研措施后,全省血吸虫病防治工作取得了显著成效,实现了各项防治规划的目标。

Objective To evaluate the implementation effect of schistosomiasis integrated control in Anhui province frohm^(2)016 to 2020,and provide reference for the formulation of schistosomiasis control strategy and consolidating the results ofschistosomiasis control in the next stage.MethodsThe schistosomiasis integrated control measures implemented by thedepartments of health,water resource,agriculture and forestry in Anhui province from 2016 to 2020 were retrospectivelyanalyzed.A database was established to analyze the integrated schistosomiasis control measures and evaluate theeffectiveness of control measures.ResultsDuring the 13th Five-Year Plan period,the health department carried out a totalof 6.0901 million person-times of consultation and examination for schistosomiasis disease,6.3623 million person-times forblood examination and 715000 person-times for fecal examination.Totally 988400 person-times of the expandedchemotherapy and 22933.00 person-times of the advanced schistosomiasis treatment were conducted.Totally 4.884 billion hm^(2)area was investigated for snail,with 1516.53 hm^(2)snail area newly discovered,1575.35 hm^(2)snail area of reoccurrence anda total of 528 million hm^(2)snail area exterminated by drugs.The construction of harmless toilets was vigorously promoted andcarried out health education activities in schistosomiasis endemic areas.The prevalence rate of harmless toilets graduallyincreased,and health education activities covered 33526500 person-times.The agricultural department carried outschistosomiasis detection for totally 171870 head-times of bovines,treatment and preventive medicine for 179346 head-times of bovines,fencing for 404868 bovines,machinery replacement for 16024 bovines,changes of 153727.45/15 hm^(2)water lands to dry lands,hardening for 260.25 km of ditches,68253100 hm^(2)of fish breeding to kill snails,and completed the construction of 10604.00 biogas digesters.The water resource department completed the management of totally 966.74km of rivers and lakes,the rural drinking water projects for 1.6347 million people in endemic area,the improving projectsof 312 irrigation regions,and the construction of totally 72 schistosomiasis prevention and control safety zones.The forestrydepartment completed the restoration of 111000/15 hm^(2)degraded forests,the construction of 1178000/15 hm^(2)shelterbeltsand the construction of 4 wetland and wildlife nature reserves.The prevalence of schistosomiasis infection in residents ofAnhui province decreased from 0.130%in 2015 to 0.073%in 2020,with 43.85%decrease in 2020 compared to 2015.Frohm^(2)016 to 2019,there was no acute schistosomiasis disease,and only one case of acute schistosomiasis disease found inmigrant population in 2020.There was no livestock infection for 5 consecutive years in the Anhui province.Conclusion After the implementation of schistosomiasis integrated control in the 13th Five-Year Plan of Anhui province(2016-2020),the prevention and control of schistosomiasis had achieved remarkable results and reached the goals of various control plansin Anhui province.