虫源外泌体miRNA在寄生虫学的研究进展

Research progress of exosomal microRNAs in medical parasitology

外泌体是一类由多种细胞分泌的膜性囊泡,主要包含蛋白质、脂质和核酸等物质,是细胞间信号转导与分子传递的重要介质。寄生虫通过外泌体传递生物活性物质,调控宿主的基因表达与免疫反应,进而参与寄生虫的致病过程。研究表明,外泌体中的微小RNA(miRNA)在寄生虫与宿主间发挥着重要作用。本文就近年来虫源外泌体miRNA在寄生虫学中的相关研究做一综述,以期为寄生虫致病的分子机制研究提供理论基础。

Exosomes are a class of membranous vesicles secreted by a variety of cells,containing proteins,lipids and nucleic acids,which are important mediators of intercellular signal transduction and molecular transfer.Parasites can transmit bioactive substances through exosomes,regulate host gene expression and immune response,and participate in the pathogenic process of parasites.Many studies have indicated that miRNAs in exosomes play an important role in the development of diseases and parasite-host interactions.This article reviews the relevant research of exosomal miRNAs in parasitology in recent years in order to provide a theoretical basis for the study of revealing the molecular mechanism of parasite pathogenesis.