南京市107例HIV抗体不确定样本WB带型及随访结果分析

Analysis of WB bands and follow-up results of 107 uncertain samples of HIV antibody in Nanjing

目的分析南京地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体不确定标本蛋白印迹(WB)带型特征,以及失访和随访后带型转阳的影响因素,为艾滋病防控和检测结果解释提供支持。方法收集南京地区2019年3月-2020年12月107例HIV抗体不确定标本的带型信息和人群信息,以及随访后再确证标本带型信息,采用χ^(2)检验进行统计分析。结果107例抗体不确定病例随访数45例,随访率42.06%。45例随访病例中18例阳转,随访阳转率40.00%。不同年龄人群随访率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=67.479,P=0.003),60岁以上老年人群随访率较低。酶联免疫吸附结果阳性与阴性相比随访阳转率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.000,P=0.000)。南京地区HIV抗体不确定条带主要带型是gp160和p24,阳转率最高的不确定条带是gp160(52.00%),p24条带阳转率较低(25.00%)。结论出现gp160条带提示感染风险较大,出现p24条带为非特异性反应可能性较大,酶联免疫吸附结果对艾滋病的最终确诊更具意义,需特别重视酶联免疫吸附结果阳性的不确定病例随访,并加强对老年人群艾滋病相关知识宣传,制定针对性防控政策。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of western blotting(WB)bands of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive specimens in Nanjing area,as well as the influencing factors of loss-to-follow-up and band-type conversion after follow-up,and provide support for HIV prevention and control and interpretation of test results.Methods The band information and population information of 107 uncertain samples of HIV in Nanjing from March 2019 to December 2020were collected,and the band information of samples was confirmed after follow-up.Chisquare test was used for statistical analysis.Results The follow-up number of 107 cases with uncertain antibody test result was 45,and the follow-up rate was42.06%.Among the 45 follow-up cases,18 cases turned positive,and the follow-up positive conversion rate was 40.00%.The follow-up rate of different age groups was significantly different(χ^(2)=67.479,P=0.003);the follow-up rate of the older population over 60 years old was low.The follow-up positive conversion rate of Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was significant different(χ^(2)=15.000,P=0.000).The main types of uncertain bands of HIV antibody in Nanjing were gp160 and p24.The uncertain band with the highest positive conversion rate was gp160 band(52.00%),and p24 was low(25.00%).Conclusions The risk of infection of WB test results of the gp160 band was greater than other bands,and the p24 band result was non-specific.The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were more significant for the final diagnosis of AIDS.Special attention should be paid to the follow-up of uncertain cases with positive cases of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and should strengthen the propaganda of AIDS related knowledge among the old people,and formulate targeted prevention and control policies.