2019年夏季西安市城镇蝇类侵害状况调查

Investigation on fly infestation of urban areas of Xi’an in summer of 2019

目的评价西安市城镇夏季蝇类侵害情况,为制定蝇类防制措施提供科学依据。方法按照全市11个行政区划,在各城区随机抽取调查生境。调查分为室内环境和外环境,调查方法采用目测法,蝇类侵害水平按照国家标准进行评价。结果室内共抽取生境8种347处,房间3053间,有蝇房间阳性率2.88%,蝇密度为1.59只/间,控制水平为A级。各生境中阳性率最高的是农贸市场,为13.81%,超出了容许水平。各城区中阳性率最高的是莲湖区,为7.65%。外环境共调查827处生境,阳性率为0.36%,控制水平为A级;各城区中发现蝇类孳生地的是高陵区、临潼区和未央区。防蝇设施调查2232处,合格率96.68%,为B级;农贸市场和莲湖区合格率最低,分别为92.53%、92.31%。全市城镇蝇类密度控制水平为B级。结论2019年西安市城镇夏季蝇密度控制水平尚可。卫生城市的创建对全市卫生环境的改善具有显著效果。建议根据调查结果,制定有针对性的防制措施,加强督导检查,将蝇类侵害控制在更低的水平。

Objective To evaluate the fly infestation situation in the urban area of Xi’an in summer,and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of the fly prevention and control measures.Methods Survey units were randomly selected from the11 administrative districts of Xi’an.The habitats of this survey included indoor and outdoor areas,the visual observation method was used in this investigate,and the fly infestation was evaluated according to national standards.Results A total of 3053 rooms in 347 habitats were selected from 8 types of indoor habitats;the fly indoor positive rate was 2.88%,and the fly density was 1.59 per room;the control level was A.The highest positive rate among all habitats was 13.81%in farmers’market,which had exceeded the allowable level.The highest positive rate in urban areas was 7.65%in Lianhu district.A total of 827 habitats were surveyed in outdoor areas;the positive rate was 0.36%,and the control level was A.Breeding sites were found in the urban areas of Gaoling,Lintong and Weiyang district.A total of 2232 fly proof facilities were surveyed;the pass rate was 96.68%,and the control level was B;the lowest pass rates of 92.53%and 92.31%were found in the urban areas of the farmers’market and Lianhu district;the control level was B.Conclusions The control level of fly density in urban areas of Xi’an was acceptable in summer of 2019.The establishment of National Health City had a significant effect on the improvement of the city’s health environment.It was recommended to formulate targeted control measures based on the investigation results,strengthen supervision and inspection,so as to take the fly infestation at a lower level.