2018年江门地区白纹伊蚊对常用杀虫剂抗药性的调查

Resistance of Aedes albopictus to commonly used insecticides in Jiangmen city,Guangdong province, 2018

目的了解江门地区白纹伊蚊幼虫和成蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性现状。方法按照《全国重要病媒生物抗药性监测(试行)方案:第2部分,埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊》,采用WHO推荐的蚊虫抗药性生物学测定方法,成蚊采用接触筒法,蚊幼虫采用浸渍法,以实验室饲养的敏感试虫为参考品系,分别测定2018年5-10月采自野外的成蚊和幼虫的抗药性。结果7个白纹伊蚊幼虫野外种群对高效氯氰菊酯、Es-生物稀丙菊酯、四氟甲醚菊酯、反式氯丙炔菊酯、右旋苯醚菊酯、溴氰菊酯、倍硫磷的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别为0.0049~0.0183、0.3692~1.6657、0.0059~0.0479、0.0130~0.0490、0.0237~3.2902、0.0034~0.0182、0.0046~0.0114 mg/L,分别为敏感品系的0.91~3.38、2.15~9.69、3.28~26.61、3.25~12.25、3.70~514.09、1.36~7.28、2.00~4.96倍。7个白纹伊蚊成蚊野外种群对0.2%杀螟硫磷和3%高效氯氰菊酯呈敏感或可能抗性。蓬江区、新会区、开平市、鹤山市白纹伊蚊成蚊种群接触0.1%溴氰菊酯药膜1h后,24 h的死亡率分别为60.87%、50.63%、61.90%和62.50%,表明成蚊已产生抗药性。其中蓬江区、江海区、新会区、鹤山市、恩平市幼虫种群对右旋苯醚菊酯已产生中、高抗性,蓬江、江海、新会区幼虫种群对四氟甲醚菊酯产生中抗,江海区、新会区、开平市幼虫种群对反式氯丙炔菊酯产生中抗,其余呈敏感或低抗。结论江门市白纹伊蚊幼虫种群对7种常用杀虫剂均产生不同程度的抗性,成蚊对溴氰菊酯产生抗性或可疑抗性。应加强对本地区蚊虫抗药性监测,科学合理地使用杀虫剂。

Objective To investigate the resistance of larvae and adults of Aedes albopictus to commonly used insecticides in Jiangmen city,Guangdong province of China.Methods According to the National Scheme of Pesticide Resistance Surveillance for Major Vectors(Trial)PartⅡAedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus,WHO recommended methods-bioassays were performed on the collected Aedes albopictus.With reference to the laboratory sensitive strain,insecticides resistance was tested with exposure tubes on adults and dipping method on larvae.Results The LC50 values of beta-cypermethrin,Esbiothrin,dimefluthrin,trans-chloropropylenethrin,d-phenothrin,deltamethrin and fenthion for seven populations of Aedes albopictus larvae were 0.0049-0.0183,0.3692-1.6657,0.0059-0.0479,0.0130-0.0490,0.0237-3.2902,0.0034-0.0182 and 0.0046-0.0114 mg/L,respectively(resistant ratio:0.91-3.38,2.15-9.69,3.28-26.61,3.25-12.25,3.70-514.09,1.36-7.28 and 2.00-4.96,respectively).8.14%of seven populations of Aedes albopictus larvae showed high resistance to tested insecticides,14.29%showed media resistance,42.86%showed low resistance and 34.69%showed sensitive.Seven populations of adult mosquitoes could be considered susceptible or probable resistance to 0.2%fenitrothion and 3%beta-cypermethrin.Four populations of adult Aedes albopictus(Pengjiang district,Xinhui district,Kaiping city and Heshan city)were tested against 3%deltamethrin for 1 h;the mortality 24 h later were 60.87%,50.63%,61.90%and62.50%,respectively.19.05%of seven populations of adult Aedes albopictus showed resistance to three kinds of insecticides,57.14%showed probable resistance and 23.81%showed susceptible.Five populations of Aedes albopictus larve(Pengjiang district,Jianghai district,Xinhui district,Heshan city and Enping city)have developed moderate and high resistance to d-phenothrin.The populations of Aedes albopictus larve(Pengjiang district,Jianghai district,Xinhui district and Kaiping city)had developed media resisitance to dimefluthrin and trans-chloropropylenethrin and the others showed susceptible or low resistance.Conclusion The larvae of Aedes albopictus in Jiangmen city have developed different levels of insecticide resistance to commonly used insecticides.Adult mosquitoes showed remarkable resistance or probable resistance to deltamethrin.In practice,insecticides resistance surveillance should be highlighted to enhance mosquito control efficacy.