极端天气事件对森林生态系统的影响

The impact of extreme weather events on forest ecosystems

近些年来,极端天气事件频发已经成为全球气候变化最主要的特征之一。森林生态系统是陆地生态系统的主体,具有丰富的生物多样性和碳汇能力,对减缓全球气候变化起到关键作用。在极端天气事件的扰动下,森林生态系统的组成、结构、生产力和碳汇能力等遭受不同程度的破坏。文章以气旋、冰冻雨雪灾害和极端干旱为例子,主要讨论极端天气事件对森林生态系统的影响和响应机制。在目前的研究基础上,还应该加强长期定位监测研究工作,采取合理有效的森林经营和恢复手段,共同应对极端天气事件的挑战。

In recent years,frequent occurrence of extreme weather events has become one of the most important features of global climate change.Forest ecosystems are the main body of terrestrial ecosystems,with rich biodiversity and carbon sink capacity,and play a key role in mitigating global climate change.Disturbed by extreme weather events,the composition,structure,productivity and carbon sink capacity of forest ecosystems suffer from varying degrees of damage.Taking cyclones,freezing rain and snow disasters and extreme drought as examples,this paper mainly discusses the impact of extreme weather events on forest ecosystem and the response mechanism.On the basis of the current researches,it is also necessary to strengthen the construction of long-term positioning monitoring,adopt reasonable and effective forest restoration means,and jointly respond to the challenge of extreme weather events.