外部学科知识、学科交叉与学术影响力——基于中国法学学术论文引证的实证考察

ExternalSubject Knowledge,Interdisciplinary and Academic Influence——Based on the Empirical Investigation of the Citations of Academic Papers in Chinese Law

学科交叉研究是推动新时代法学学科建设的内在要求,研究范式创新是法学学科深化与创新发展的必由之路。在外部学科知识逐步嵌入法学学术研究的时代背景下,传统法学学术研究面临学科单一化向多学科交叉化的转向。然而,虽然我国法学学术研究已经进入关注中国社会问题和法律实践的社科法学阶段,但外部学科知识却并未对当代中国法学学术研究产生应有的影响。以《中国法学》和《法学研究》1998~2020年刊发的论文为研究对象,研究发现,我国法学学术研究在日渐专业化、精细化和规范化的同时,对外部学科知识的借鉴和吸收却并未得到同等程度的重视。从主要外部学科知识的引证趋势来看,政治学、历史学、经济学和哲学等外部学科已经对法学学术研究产生了一定的影响,但这种影响不稳定且停留在表层,纵深层次的原理借鉴、方法实践和知识交流还没有真正实现。进一步的定量分析表明,法学论文引证外部学科知识的比例越高,相应的被引次数反而越低,学术影响力越小。外部学科知识难以稳定而持续地进入法学主流学术视野,可能导致法学学术领域的封闭性,进而在一定程度上阻碍法学研究的进一步发展。

Interdisciplinary research is an inherent requirement to promote the construction of the legal science discipline,and the innovation of research paradigm is the only way for the deepening and innovative development of the legal science discipline.Under the background of the gradual embedding of external subject knowledge into legal academic research,traditional legal academic research is facing a shift from simplification of discipline to interdiscipline.However,although legal academic research in China has paid attention to Chinese social issues and legal practices,external subject knowledge has not had its due influence on contemporary Chinese legal academic research.Taking the papers published in the top Chinese law journals from 1998 to 2020 as the research object,the study found that while legal academic research in China has become more professional,refined and standardized,the reference and absorption of external subject knowledge has not received the same degree of attention.Judging from the citation trend of main extemnal subject knowledge,extemal subjects such as political science,history,economics,and philosophy have already had a certain impact on the academic research of law,but this impact is unstable and stays at the surface level,and deep-level principles are used for reference.Method practice and knowledge exchange have not really been realized.Further quantitative analysis shows that,for legal papers,the proportion of citation of external subject knowledge is inversely proportional to the number of references and academic influence.It is difficult for external discipline knowledge to enter the mainstream academic field of legal Science stably and continuously,which may lead to the closure of the academic field of legal Science and hinder the further development of legal Science research.