地理学中“身体作为基础设施”的理念与研究进展

Clonceptualization and Research Progress of"Bodies as Infrastructure":Perspectives from Geography

基于对身体地理的关注,以及近年来热议的“基础设施转向”,地理学中已经悄然兴起一股对传统的理解基础设施本体论和方法论层面的反思。文章对地理学中“身体作为基础设施”的理念及前沿议题进行了系统梳理。梳理发现,地理学中“身体作为基础设施”的研究主要是从3个核心维度来展开的:(1)将身体视为“流动”的基础设施。这一方面要求对人身体的具身流动实践进行关注,尤其是其在洞察社会空间权力关系方面扮演的关键角色。另一方面,也要求去关注人身体的流动所产生的社会空间影响。(2)身体作为城市日常基础设施。在这种理解中,身体一定程度上可以被视为一种对社会权力的协商与抗争方式,来应对其所面临的基础设施暴力,挑战现有的城市空间秩序。同时,身体也成为临时的基础设施“灵活配置”,支撑城市社会空间系统的运行。(3)通过女性主义地理学视角的引进,讨论了身体作为社会保育基础设施的存在,关注了女性及其他边缘化群体的身体如何通过其日常生活实践来帮助建设、发展和维系社会的运转。将“身体作为基础设施”理念的引入,不仅拓宽了对“基础设施”的本体认知,也有益于加深理解身体是如何被社会和环境因素所塑造,使其更好地运用于未来的研究。

Based on the attention to the geography of body and the hot debate on"infrastructure turn"in recent years,there has been quite a large number of scholars who are quietly reflecting on the traditional understanding of infrastructure,both ontologically and methodologically.This paper therefore attempts to systematically review the concept of"bodies as infrastructure"and frontier issues related to this theme in the discipline of geography.It is found that,in geography,the study of"bodies as infrastructure"has been mainly carried out from three core dimensions.The first is to think of the body as a"flowing"infrastructure.This aspect requires attention to the practice of embodied flow of the human bodies,especially its key role in reflecting the complex social spatial power relations.Meanwhile,in this aspect,it is also required to pay attention to the social spatial impact of human body flows.The second is to view the human bodies as the daily infrastructure of the city.In this regard,the body can be seen to some extent as a way to negotiate and fight against social power,so as to cope with the infrastructure violence these human bodies have been facing and to challenge the existing urban spatial order.Moreover,from this lens,the body also becomes a temporary infrastructurual"flexible configuration"to support the operation of the urban social spatial system.Third,through the introduction of a feminist perspective,the existence of the body as a kind of social care infrastructure is discussed.In this respect,it focuses on how the bodies of women and other marginalized groups help to build,develop,and sustain the functioning of society through their embodied everyday practices.The introduction of the concept of"bodies as infrastructure"not only broadens the ontological understanding of"infrastructure",but also helps deepen the understanding of how the body is shaped by social and environmental factors,so that it can be better applied to future research.