浅析山崎闇斋的“神儒妙契”思想——以“中”的阐释为中心

An Analysis of Yamazaki Ansai’s Thought of “Unity of Shinto and Confucianism”——Centered on the Interpretation of “Zhong”

"神儒妙契"是山崎闇斋思想中非常重要的一部分。本文以"中"为切入点,分析"中"在"妙契"中的作用以及在政治思想上的运用。闇斋认为"中"是中日两国古代"神圣之道"的契合点之一。他通过对猿田彦神的分析,确立了臣道之"中"与"敬",再加上对"汤武革命说"及《拘幽操》的说明,进而将此"中"转化为对君主的绝对"忠"。由此揭示了闇斋既推崇万世一系的天皇,为日本后来国体思想的发展提供了思想资源;同时又在客观上为德川政权维护上下秩序提供了思想支持。这折射出了江户时代政治结构的双重性。

The"unity of Shinto and Confucianism"is a very important part of Yamazaki Ansai’s thought. This article analyzes the role of"Zhong"in"Mythical Ties" and its use in political thought, using "Zhong" as an entry point. Yamazaki Ansai believes that"Zhong"was one of the conjunction points between the ancient"Sacred Shindo"of China and Japan. Through his analysis of Saruta Hikigami,he established the"Zhong"and "Respect"of the "Officials Morality",together with the explanation of the"Tangwu Revolutionary Theory"and the"Ju You Cao",transformed this"Zhong"into absolute"loyalty"to the ruler. It is thus revealed that Ansai was both an advocate of the emperor of Manseh and an intellectual resource for the development of Japan’s later nationalistic ideology.At the same time,it objectively provided ideological support for Tokugawa regime to maintain the order of the upper and lower levels. This reflected the duality of the political structure of the Edo period.