无名·哀思·死亡·自然·人性——评托马斯·格雷的《墓园挽歌》

Anongimity,Mourning,Death,Nature and Humanity:On Thomas Gray’s Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

18世纪中期之后,以理性为纲的新古典主义逐渐衰弱,感伤主义和浪漫主义初见端倪。《墓园挽歌》是格雷最负盛名的诗篇,是世纪之交从古典主义向浪漫主义诗歌过渡的重要诗篇。《墓园挽歌》不仅是格雷强烈个人情感的抒写,而且从死亡和哀思、无名和闻名以及自然人性3个层面将个人情感升华到一定的思想深度和哲学高度。

Since the middle of the 18th century,the English new classism which bases on the rationality was gradually weakening with the budding of sentimentalism and romanticism.Elegy Written in a Country Churchyardis considered as the most important poem in the transition from classism to romanticism.From the angles of death and mourning,anonymous and nature,and humanity as well.It is thought that the starting point of writing Elegyfor Gray is the strong flow of personal feeling that has been risen to certain extend of thinking depth and philosophical height.