区域特殊教育义务教育阶段科学课程实施:现状、影响因素与建议

Implementation of Science Curriculum in Compulsory Education Stage of Regional Special Education:Current Situation, Influencing Factors and Strategy Suggestions

对9所特殊教育学校义务教育阶段的科学课程实施状况与影响因素进行调查发现,科学课程实施存在课程开设不齐全、课时偏少、教师专职化比例低、专业化水平不高、教学条件有待改善、课程教学理念急需更新以及教学研究与专业发展亟待提高等问题,文化制约、师资短板、变革滞后、资源局限、支持乏力是其主要影响因素。为此,文章从文化与政策层面保证残障学生接受科学教育的公平、职前培养与职后培训层面突破科学教师专业化发展的瓶颈、理论与实践层面提高科学课程实施的质量、交流与合作层面创新科学课程实施的路径4个方面提出相关建议。

The status and influencing factors of science curriculum implementation in 9 special education schools were investigated by questionnaire survey.The study results show that the special education school science curriculum implementation of the compulsory education stage mainly exist questions such as,the science education course setting is not completely and course hours are fewer,the ratio of professional science teachers is low and their specialization level is not high,the teaching conditions of science education need to improve,scientific teaching idea need to renovate,the teaching research and professional development also need to improve.The main influencing factors include the restriction of culture,the shortage of teachers,the lag of reform,the limitation of resources and the lack of support.Therefore,the following countermeasures and suggestions are puted forward:to ensure the fairness of science education for students with disabilities from the perspective of culture and policy,to break through the bottleneck of professional developmen of special science teachers from the aspect of pre-service education and post-service education,to promote the research and implementation of science education and teaching from the theoretical and practical aspects,to innovate the way to promote the development of science education and teaching from the level of exchange and cooperation.