民族主义在中国马克思主义史学中的建构(1930-1949)——以范文澜、吕振羽、翦伯赞为例

The Construction of Nationalism in Chinese Marxist Historiography(1930-1949)——Taking Fan Wenlan,Lü Zhenyu and Jian Bozan as Examples

民族主义在马克思主义经典作家那里表现为一种民族情感、社会运动和意识形态,其在民族国家凝聚力量争取独立解放的斗争中发挥着积极作用。因此,二十世纪三四十年代中国马克思主义史学家范文澜、吕振羽、翦伯赞在马克思主义民族主义思想指导下,立足中国民族历史实际,从分析“各民族存在的客观历史及发展历程,证明各民族共同组成中华民族的平等地位;正视民族斗争的历史现象及其中蕴含的阶级矛盾实质,激发各民族坚决抵御外侮的民族斗争精神;揭示各民族相互影响相互同化走向融合的历史趋势,巩固中华民族团结一致的凝聚力”三个方面进行了建构民族主义的有益尝试。在这个过程中,史学家继承和发展了马克思主义民族主义思想,产生了深远的历史和现实影响。

In the classic Marxist writers,nationalism was expressed as a kind of national emotion,social movement and ideology,which played a positive role in the struggle for independence and liberation of the nation and state.Thus,in the 1930s to 1940s,combining the theory of Marxist nationalism with the reality of the Chinese nation history,Chinese Marxist historians,Fan Wenlan,LüZhenyu and Jian Bozan,analyzed the history and development of various ethnic groups to prove that all ethnic groups constituted the equal status of the Chinese nation;faced up to the historical phenomenon of national fights with the essence of class contradiction to stimulate the spirit of the national struggle against foreign aggression resolutely;revealed the historical trend of mutual influence,assimilation and integration of various ethnic groups to consolidate the cohesion of the Chinese nation.In this process,historians had inherited and developed the thought of Marxist nationalism,which has produced profound historical and realistic influence.