《资本论》方法论视角下的生产方式范畴

The Category of Mode of Production under the Method Perspective of Das Kapital

从《资本论》的方法论视角解读生产方式范畴,是一个尝试。首先,运用从具体到抽象的研究方法从资本主义生产方式这个具体总体中抽取出生产方式一般,指出生产方式是一个包含自然属性与社会属性的二重性范畴。其次,运用从抽象到具体的叙述方法从生产方式的二重性出发,完成了对资本主义生产方式由具体—一般向具体总体的考察,勾勒出《资本论》中关于资本主义生产方式演化的整体图景。分析表明,生产方式是在一定的生产技术条件与生产过程组织形式的基础上建立起来的劳动者与生产资料的结合方式。正是生产方式的自然属性与社会属性之间的矛盾运动,推动着生产方式自身由低级向高级不断发展。

This paper attempts to interpret the category of mode of production from the perspective of methodology of Das Kapital.Firstly,using the research method from concrete to abstract to extract the general mode of production from the concrete whole of capitalist mode of production,it is pointed out that the mode of production is a duality category containing natural and social attributes.Secondly,starting from the duality of the mode of production by using the narration method from the abstract to the concrete,the author completes the investigation of capitalist mode of production from the specific-general to the specific total,and outlines the overall picture of the evolution of capitalist mode of production in Das Kapital.The analysis shows that the mode of production is a combination mode of labor and means of production,which is established on the basis of certain technical conditions of production and organizational form of production process.It is the contradictory movement between the natural and social attributes of the mode of production that promotes the continuous development of the mode of production from low level to high level.