后摩尔器件发展现状与未来趋势

Device Technology in Post-Moore Era:Research Progress and Future Trends

在经过半个多世纪的高速发展后,摩尔定律预测的晶体管尺寸缩微已接近量子物理极限,信息社会正在进入后摩尔时代。相关领域的前沿研究早已展开,超摩尔器件、感存算一体、神经形态计算等新概念纷纷涌现,各种新材料、新器件和新技术层出不穷,并在大数据、物联网、人工智能等新兴领域展现出广阔的前景。文章重点梳理了核心后摩尔器件技术的发展脉络,分析其面临的挑战,总结未来发展趋势和应用前景,并提出相应建议。

After over half a century of rapid development,the geometrical scaling of transistors predicted by Moore’s law has approached the quantum physics limits,and the information society is entering the post-Moore era.Cutting-edge research on relevant fields has already been carried out,and new concepts such as beyond-Moore devices,in-sensor computing,and neuromorphic computing have emerged one after another.The number of new materials,devices,and technologies are all growing,and their broad prospects are demonstrated in emerging areas including big data,internet of things(IoT),and artificial intelligence(AI).This article reviews the development progress of core post-Moore device technologies and the challenges they confront,summarizes the future development trends and application prospects,and put forward some suggestions accordingly.