智能裁判风险的技术正当程序控制

Technical Due Procedure Control of Intelligent Judgement Risk

基于人工智能加速应用于司法裁判中,智能裁判的风险正处于从技术依赖到技术主导、从办案辅助向辅助裁判、从改变机制到触及属性的不断升级中。其引发的具体法律后果主要有三个,即技术依赖减损正当程序价值、算法决策妨害数字人权实现、要素式裁判解构实质正义。为此,需要构建以技术规制技术的正当性程序,即通过程序的代码化,实现对技术应用的紧急处理、监督、归责和有限公开,将数字人权价值设定成算法程式,通过算法矫正程序确保数字公民的程序选择权、程序拒绝权和程序参与权,不断修正要素式裁判的人机协同策略,从整体上实现技术正当程序对智能裁判风险的有效控制。

Based on the accelerating application of artificial intelligence in judicial adjudicationin the process of escalating from technology-dependent to technology-led,from case-handling assistance to adjudication assistance,and from changing mechanisms to touching properties.The specific legal consequences are mainly three,namely,technological reliance detracting from the value of due process,algorithmic decision-making hindering the realization of digital human rights,and elemental adjudication deconstructing substantive justice.To this end,it is necessary to construct a due process that regulates technology with technology,i.e.,to realize urgent processing,supervision,attribution and limited disclosure of technology applications through codification of procedures,to set digital human rights values into algorithmic programs,to ensure digital citizens’procedural choice rights,procedural rejection rights and procedural participation rights through algorithmic correction procedures,to continuously revise the human-computer synergy strategy of elemental adjudication,and to effectively control the risk of intelligent adjudication by achieving technical due process as a whole.