互联网使用、技能异质性与工资收入——基于CGSS数据的实证检验

Internet Use, Skills Heterogeneity and Wage Income——An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS data

文章基于CGSS数据,按照受教育程度和广泛职业类别两种方法衡量劳动者技能,运用Heckman模型、混合Probit等模型,研究互联网使用与工资收入的作用关系。研究表明:第一,互联网使用促进了工资收入增长,进一步研究发现,互联网使用通过信息获取、互联网社交、互联网学习三个途径增加工资收入;第二,互联网使用对工资收入的影响具有技能异质性,通过增加高技能需求对工资收入产生正向影响,通过减少中低技能需求对工资收入产生负向影响;第三,从具体职业来看,互联网使用增加了执行非常规任务的管理、专业技术人员需求,减少了执行常规任务的技术工人、机械操作及装配工需求以及执行非常规体力任务的农林牧渔业、简单劳动工作人员需求。基于上述结论,未来需要准确识别互联网使用对不同技能需求的差异性影响,并研判对工资收入的异质性影响,以解决由互联网使用引起的技能工资收入差距扩大问题。

Based on CGSS data,with the skills of workers measured by education level and broad occupational categories,the relationship between Internet use and wage income is investigated by applying models such as the Heckman model and hybrid Probit model.The study shows that Internet use promotes wage income growth,and further research finds that Internet use increases wage income through three channels of information acquisition,Internet socialisation and Internet learning.Besides,the impact of Internet use on wage income is skill heterogeneous,positively affecting wage income by increasing the demand for high skills and negatively affecting wage income by reducing the demand for low and medium skills.What’s more,in terms of specific occupations,Internet use increases the demand for managerial and professional technicians performing non-routine tasks,and reduces the demand for skilled workers,machine operators and assemblers performing routine tasks,as well as the demand for workers in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fisheries and simple labour performing non-routine physical tasks.Based on these findings,there is a need to accurately identify the differential impact of Internet use on the demand for different skills in the future,and to examine the heterogeneous impact on wage income in order to address the widening gap in skill-based wage income caused by Internet use.