数字人文视域下的跨国史研究——以马克斯·韦伯基金会下属德国海外人文机构为例

Transnational History Studies from the Perspective of Digital Humanities:An Case Study on the German Humanities Institutes Abroad of the Max Weber Foundation as Examples

跨国史研究不论是其“跨国主义”的内核、对“大数据”的使用,还是对“微观个体”的关注,都与数字人文方法的特性不谋而合。前者强调跨越国别的全球视角,后者需要跨越学科边界的学术思维,二者都彰显了当下全球化数字时代对人文学科的新要求。数字人文和跨国史研究作为方法论,必然会持续地相互吸引和影响,因为使用数字资源、工具和基础设施的方式已经重新塑造了历史学家思考历史的方式,从而也影响了他们追寻历史意义的路径。对于历史学科来说,参与者都不能用轻视或回避的态度来迎接“数字转向”,因为知识生产的框架条件已经变得数字化,并由算法塑造。

The core of“transnationalism”,the use of“big data”and the focus on“micro-individuals”in the field of transnational history coincide with the characteristics of digital humanities’methodology.Transnational history highlights the global perspective across countries,while digital humanities requires academic thinking across disciplinary boundaries,both of which underscore the new demands on the humanities in the current globalized digital age.Digital humanities and transnational history studies as methodological approaches will inevitably and continuously be attracted to each other,as the use of digital resources,tools,and infrastructures has reshaped the way historians think about history,and thus the paths they take to pursue historical meanings.For the discipline of history,all participants cannot respond to the“digital turn”with contempt or avoidance,as the framework conditions for knowledge making have become digital and shaped by algorithms.