10-18世纪美国大陆土地垦殖数据集的研发

Dataset of Land Reclamation in the Continental United States from the 10th to 18th Centuries

区域历史LUCC重建既可为气候与生态等效应研究提供可靠的基础数据,也是充实和完善全球数据集的重要途径。本研究以今美国大陆为研究区,基于历史文献、前人研究成果,确定了以农业为主的印第安人数量、印第安人人均耕地面积、非印第安人数量及各殖民地人均耕地面积,重建了10-18世纪美国大陆各区域耕地数量,并通过构建宜垦性评估模型和耕地分配模型,再现10-18世纪美国大陆耕地空间分布格局。结果表明:(1)美国大陆耕地数量呈波动性增长态势,由1000年的1.71×10^(3)km^(2)增长至1780年的4.74×10^(4)km^(2),可分为缓慢增长期(1000-1500年)、缓慢减小期(1500-1700年)、快速增加期(1700-1780年);(2)印第安时期的耕地主要分布在西南部和东部与平原相邻处。在殖民时期,耕地主要分布在东部沿海地区。

Reconstruction of historical land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)at the regional level can provide not only the reliable basic data for studying climate and ecological effects,but also a reference for enriching and improving global datasets.The research area for this study is the modern continental United States.The number of Indians dominated by agriculture,per capita cropland area of Indians,number of non-Indians,and per capita cropland area of each colony were calculated based on historical documents and prior findings.The cropland amount for each region of the continental United States from the 10th to 18th centuries has been reconstructed.The land suitability for cultivation model and cropland allocation model were established.Finally,the geographical distribution pattern of cropland in the continental United States from the 10th to 18th centuries was reconstructed.The findings are as follows:(1)the amount of cropland in the continental United States shows a fluctuating growth trend,increasing from 1.71×10^(3)km^(2)in 1000 to 4.74×10^(4)km^(2)in 1780.It can be divided into three periods:slow growth(1000-1500),slow decrease(1500-1700),and rapid increase(1700-1780).(2)During the Indian period,the cropland was primarily distributed in the southwest and the area of the eastern region adjacent to Plain.The cropland was distributed in the eastern coastline area during the colonial period.