乌江上游森林生态系统水源涵养数据集

Dataset of Water Conservation of Forest Ecosystem in the Upper Reaches of Wujiang River, China

森林水源涵养是森林生态系统的重要生态功能,对于防治洪涝旱灾和水土流失、缓解区域水资源短缺具有重要意义。本文基于综合能力蓄水法和贵州省毕节地区2010年森林二类调查小班数据,计算得到乌江上游地区森林生态系统水源涵养量。基于DEM、ArcGIS平台和水文分析的坡位信息提取方法计算得到各森林小班的海拔、坡度、坡向和坡位数据。使用线性回归和相关分析法探讨了森林水源涵养能力与林地海拔之间的关系。结果表明,2010年乌江上游森林水源涵养总量达到5.63亿m^3,单位面积水源涵养量为774.73 t/hm^2。森林水源涵养能力与海拔呈极显著的负相关(P<0.01),海拔平均上升1,000 m,单位水源涵养量相应减少90.56 t/hm^2。该数据集包括:(1)乌江上游地区地理位置数据;(2)乌江上游森林生态系统水源涵养量数据,分为面上的坡位、森林植被类型(归并后)、各森林水文作用层涵养水量、水源涵养总量和单位面积水源涵养量等计算结果(.shp格式),点上的土层厚度、郁闭度等林地信息数据(.shp格式);(3)乌江上游海拔高度分类数据(空间分辨率为30m)。该数据集以.shp、.pdf、.tfw、.tif等11种数据格式存储。数据集由1个压缩数据文件包组成,内含3个数据文件夹、26个数据文件,数据量压缩前261 MB(压缩后144 MB)。该数据的分析结果发表在《地球信息科学学报》2016年第18卷第7期。

Water conservation is function of forest ecosystems,and is vital in flood control,drought relief,soil erosion,and alleviation of regional water shortage.In this study,we estimated water conservation quantity(WCQ)of forest ecosystems in the upper reaches of the Wujiang River(URWR)using integrated storage capacity method of modeling,using forest inventory data in 2010 of Bijie city,Guizhou province.We applied linear regression method to analyze the relationship between forest ecosystem unit water conservation quantity(UWCQ),as a metric of forest water conservation capacity,and elevation.We derived elevation,slope gradient,aspect,and slope position in the study area from digital elevation model(DEM),using slope information extraction method based on hydrological analyses.Results showed that total URWR forest ecosystem WCQ was 563.05×10~6 m^3 and UWCQ was 774.73 t/hm^2 in 2010.There was a negative relationship between UWCQ and elevation,where average UWCQ decreased by 90.56 t/hm^2 with every 1-km increase in elevation.The dataset includes:(1)geographical location map data;(2)elevation classes;(3)forest ecosystem water conservation data,comprising site conditions(aspect,slope position,slope gradient,and forest type),and computed results that include total and individual WCQ of three forest hydrological layers,UWCQ in forest sub-compartment polygons(.shp format),and forest information,such as soil thickness and forest crown density(.shp format).The dataset was archived to 26 data files in.shp and.tif data formats,which amount to 261 MB(144 MB after compressed to one.rar file).The results of the analysis of this dataset were published in the Journal of Geo-Information Science in No.7,Vol.18,2016.