整合与适应:巡游出租车司机的数字平台驯化实践

Integration and Adaptation:The Domestication Practices of Chinese Taxi Drivers in Digital Labor

伴随着网络预约出行平台和传统巡游出租车的融合,数字平台成为一种外来技术开始进入巡游出租车司机的日常劳动过程。本研究基于驯化理论框架,对67位巡游出租车司机进行了观察和半结构化访谈,并对巡游出租车司机的3个社交群聊进行了参与式观察,探究了处于平台经济形态与传统工作状态交界处的司机群体对数字平台的驯化过程。研究发现,巡游出租车司机借助技术想象与意义建构勾连接入动机,调整工作时间与空间以完成技术的物质嵌入,通过知识共享与情感共鸣实现身份共同体的重塑。巡游出租车司机对数字平台的驯化实践呈现出技术融入生活过程中的整合与适应特征,是对经典劳动过程理论中二元对立框架的回应与延展。

With the integration of ride-hailing platform and Chinese traditional taxi,digital platform has become a foreign technology and begun to enter the daily labor process of taxi drivers.Based on the theoretical framework of domestication,67taxi drivers were observed and semi-structured interviewed,and three social groups of taxi drivers were observed in a participatory manner,so as to explore the domestication process of the driver group at the junction of the platform economic form and the traditional working state to the digital platform.It is found that taxi drivers use technological imagination and meaning construction to connect with technology access motivation,adjust working time and space to complete the material embedding of technology,and realize the reshaping of identity community through knowledge sharing and emotional resonance.The domestication practice of taxi drivers to the digital platform shows the characteristics of integration and adaptation of technology into life process,which is a response to Marxist physical labour theory.